Attention Deficit Disorder Essays

Attention Deficit Disorder Essays Attention Deficit Disorder Essay Attention Deficit Disorder Essay Attention deficit disorder (ADD) is a psychosomatic condition characterized by serious and persistent difficulties in the following three specific areas: Attention span, Impulse control and Hyperactivity (sometimes). ADD is a chronic disorder that can begin in infancy and extend through adulthood in most cases. Symptoms commonly found among children with ADD under the Attention span criteria include short attention span, making careless mistakes, difficulty in performing/finishing tasks, not listening/following instructions, easily distracted, loses things and forgetful in daily activities. Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may show symptoms such as fidgeting or screaming in seat, excessive running or climbing at inappropriate time, restlessness of hands or feet and excessive talking. Other symptoms due to Impulsiveness include interrupting a conversation, or blurting out answers before question is completed and has difficulty awaiting turn. Students with ADD/ADHD have different needs and so they require a special learning environment. To establish the proper learning environment, seat students with ADD near the teachers desk, but include them as part of the regular class seating. Avoid distracting stimuli and transitions, physical relocation, changes in schedules and disruptions. Be creative! Produce a stimuli-reduced study area. Let all students have access to this area so the student with ADD will not feel different. When giving instruction, maintain eye contact, make directions clear and simple and avoid multiple commands. Monitor students frequently and maintain a supportive attitude. Avoid ridicule and criticism. Instead, reward more than you punish to build self-esteem.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to give special attention and education to students with disabilities, The Individuals Disabilities Education Act of 1997 (IDEA 97) was created. Through the 6 principles of IDEA children with disabilities can have access to a free appropriate and specialized public education. Well-trained evaluators can properly evaluate them and so their specific needs can be met. Students with disabilities can learn in a regular classroom and need not to be isolated from the normal students. They can live a normal life despite their disabilities. The Act also strengthens the role of parents in the education of their children thus making learning more effective. References Teaching Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder. Retrieved September 1998, from ERIC EC Digest #E569 Website: http://ericec.org/digests/e569.html

Failure of Saint Francis Dam essays

Failure of Saint Francis Dam essays The city of Los Angeles needed a bigger water supply to provide water incase of drought or interruption of the current aqueduct. Construction of the Saint Francis Dam started in 1924 right outside of Los Angeles. Chief Engineer of the Los Angeles Department of Power and Water, Mr. William Mulholland, was in charge of every aspect of the design and construction of the dam. The St. Francis Dam was designed to be 175 feet tall and to hold back a reservoir of 30,000 acre-feet. Right after construction began in 1924, Mulholland decided to raise the dam 10 feet and increase the capacity of the reservoir to 32,000 acre-feet. In July of 1925 when the dam was about halfway completed, Mulholland again decided to raise the dam another 10 feet to a total height of 195 feet with a new capacity of 38,170 acre-feet. After construction of the dam, leaks were detected, Mulholland neglected these leaks and considered the dam to be safe. The day of the collapse Mulholland was asked to inspect ne w found cracks, found by the dam keeper Tony Harnischfeger. Mulholland considered the dam to still be safe. A moment before midnight on March 12, 1928 the St. Francis Dam collapsed. The twelve billion gallons of water rushed out from behind the dam in the form of a wave seventy eight feet tall destroying twelve thousand homes, eight thousand acres of farmland, and killed in excess of 450 people on its way to the Pacific Ocean. The total damage is estimated at fifteen million dollars. Mulholland made several catastrophic decisions in the design and construction of the Dam. The base of the dam was not widened to compensate for the additional water storage the city had required of it. There were no contraction joints, which allow concrete to crack in a controlled manner when it cools. No drainage galleries, tunnels that run through a structure to allow inspection for cracks and leaks. These galleri ...

Parenting and Support Needs of a Multi-Risk Family Case Study

Parenting and Support Needs of a Multi-Risk Family - Case Study Example There are several reasons that the Angela Greer family would request for services and referral. To begin with, the mother needed referrals to enable her to abstain from taking drugs since she was a drug addict. For instance, when their second child, Monique was born, she tested positive for cocaine and there were traces of other opiates in her body system as well. Angela needed referral and counseling to help her stop abusing drugs and take good care of the children from the children’s father was currently in prison serving fifteen-year sentence for weapons charges and drug trafficking. There was a need for her to abstain from taking drugs and focus on how to take care of the children because she was the only one to play this responsibility. In addition, another reason for referral and request for service of this family was to ensure that the children have an access to education and good care. This is because the two children were placed under the care of their grandmother Lor etta while Angela was under treatment and counseling. The grandmother lives under fixed income that is insufficient to take care of the children as well as paying school fees for Shantae. The grandmother, Loretta is also old and suffers from arthritis and high blood pressure and this makes her unable to take the children to school every now and then. Requesting for service has highly helped the children to continue with their education as well as catering for school fees the two parents are unable to pay for the fees.

Street Congestion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Street Congestion - Research Paper Example Apparently, Manhattan central business district is an example of a street that is facing street congestion. The congestion in this street is as a result of potholes. Apart from describing the problem, this paper will offer the best solution to the problem and the cost of solving the problem. More than 25,000 vehicles travel down the Manhattan central business district, and this number is increasing day by day (Feit and Feehan 32). With these many vehicles moving up and down the street of Manhattan central business district, the resultant effect is traffic congestion. However, the traffic congestion level highly depends on the capacity of the road ((Vanderbilt 54). Traffic congestion in Manhattan has occurred as a result of the modal split or the volume of traffic creating demand for space that is greater than the available road capacity on the street. With the existence of the problem, a solution has to be created. In response to the increased street congestion in Manhattan central business district, the first step towards solving this problem is having parking restrictions on the street. This can be achieved by increasing the non-monetary and monetary costs of parking on this street. However, free parking distorts the market in favor of car travel, worsening congestion. Apart from the introduction of parking restriction, the State can ensure that there are a park and ride facility. This facility will allow parking at a distance giving space for continuation by ride sharing. These facilities can be created on the metro stations along the streets. Providing travel choices can reduce street congestion in Manhattan central business district. Bicycling, public transportation, and walking can reduce the demand for peak-hour travel in cars that is the primary cause of dairy congestion in Manhattan central business district. Notably, around 45% of all

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

HRM - Essay Example Recruitment is the process of attracting, evaluating and hiring employees and includes job analysis, sourcing, employee screening and selection and induction process. Job analysis aims at determining the different roles in the job and includes specifying the job requirements through outlining the job description and job specification (Torrington, 2011). The job description identifies the functions of the job within the organization, employment terms and reporting relationships of the job holder while the job specification sets out the education, skills, attributes and experience that successful candidates for the job should posses (McKenna & Beech, 2008). Google is constantly looking for graduate-level job entrants to join their teams and uses both online and off-line advertisement media to attract suitable job candidates for the position. Google uses various sources in its recruitment and some include Google recruitment events such as Google Games, Google Code Jam competition, Campu s recruitment and Google Ambassador Program. The job adverts are placed in notice boards, company magazines, newspapers and company website. The company shortlists suitable candidates who meet the minimum criteria and invites them for a series of interviews that aim at assessing the candidate’s job knowledge, skills, and behaviors (Redman & Wilkinson, 2009). According to the company website, the hiring process is simple and involves first conversation with the ‘recruiter, a phone interview and onsite interview at the company offices’. The hiring process aims at increasing communication with the prospective candidates. The panel interview aims at discovering the leadership skills, role-related knowledge, conceptual and analytic skills and ‘Googleyness’ (Sutherland, 2012). According to the company website, they are looking to hire the ‘next

The Community Analysis Of Homeless Families

The Community Analysis Of Homeless Families This paper analyzes the social issues surrounding homeless families and describes the extent of the problem within the U. S. community, while comparing the U.S. community to other communities in other parts of the global system. Causes listed in this paper include unemployment, mental illness, drug or alcohol abuse, and lack of affordable housing. Three theoretical models guide the analysis: social systems theory, functionalist theory and conflict theory. The data come from statistics of homeless families in the U.S. and global communities. These results deliver some evidence for current explanations for homeless transitions, and they propose probable avenues for additional research on the dynamics of homelessness. Macro Community Analysis Homelessness is a significant concern within the U. S. and global community. This situation arises when its individuals are poverty stricken and do not have regular access to affordable housing. In the U. S. in the early 1980s, families with young children became one of the fastest growing segments of the homeless population and now consist of 34% of the homeless population, which includes 23% children and 11% adults (Burt et al., 1999). The issues of homelessness have always been a problem around the world, even though it varies greatly, it has been considered to be one of the oldest social dilemmas in the world. Any day, no less than 800,000 individuals are homeless in the U.S., including about 200,000 homeless families. Most homeless families have incomes below 50% of the federal poverty level that makes it nearly impossible for them to find rental property within their means. To make matters worse, as many as 70% of homeless people struggle with serious health problems, mental an d physical disabilities, and/or substance abuse problems (Burt, 2001). Countries have different ways of reporting homelessness, dissimilar measures with which to define homelessness. Some countries have no policy regarding this condition at all and for that reason are unable to report on the statistics. Causes and Effects of Homelessness As mentioned, homeless is also a global issue and not a problem specific to the U.S. It is estimated to be around 3 million homeless individuals in 15 countries of the European Union. Philip Alston, Chairperson of the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights since 1991 states that on any given night, three quarters of a million people in the United States are homeless; in Toronto, Canadas largest city, 6,500 people stayed in emergency shelters on a typical night in late 1997, a two-thirds increase in just one year (Unicef, 1998). Furthermore, abuse and assault appear to be silent characteristics of homelessness. Studies have frequently found, in the histories of both individuals and families who are homeless, high rates of sexual and physical abuse in childhood, frequent foster care and other out of-home placements, and a variation of other family disruptions. Those that are always getting assaulted by their families might choose to run away and seek shelter in the streets than consent to a life of day-to-day abuse from beatings and molestation. The most significant reasons why people become homeless may be due to the inaccessibility of affordable housing for low income people. Studies show that people are likely to become homeless out of unavoidable situations. There are people who do work but they earn too little to pay for rent, electric, gas, and other housing utilities and expenses. If a person becomes unemployed, they will be unable to pay for anything at all. Homeless Families Demographics Although homelessness is a difficult number to measure, one way to analyze the extent of the problem is through demographics. According to The National Center on Family Homelessness (2008), the typical sheltered homeless family is comprised of a mother in her late twenties with two children. Eighty-four percent of families experiencing homelessness are female-headed. This is due to number of factors: Most single-parent families are female-headed (71%). Single-parent families are among the poorest in the nation and as such, are extremely vulnerable to homelessness Several family shelters do not take men into their programs, causing families to separate when they become homeless Families of color are overrepresented in the homeless population. Nationally: Forty-three percent are African-American Fifteen percent are Hispanic Thirty-eight percent are White, non-Hispanic Three percent are Native American Families experiencing homelessness frequently have limited education: Fifty-three percent of homeless mothers do not have a high school diploma Twenty-nine percent of adults in homeless families are working Forty-two percent of children in homeless families are under age six (The National Center on Family Homelessness, 2008). The lack of reasonable housing has led to high rent payments for families that already struggle to pay their living expenses. These issues force many families to become homeless each day. A solution would be to lower the cost of housing, provide more support for those that are in need, and for the government to recognize that homelessness is a large scale problem. Application of Theory Social Systems Theory Social inequality is shown all over the world stemming from situations of race, gender, and age. An individuals social environment includes all situations a person comes into contact with on a day-to-day basis such as the individuals home, job, and income level, and the social rules that govern them. Person-in-environment refers to interaction between an individual and the multiple systems surrounding that individual, and adaptation refers to ones capability to change in order to adjust to new situations. In order to endure, an individual must be able to function effectively within their social environments (Kirst-Ashman Hull, 2002). The important factor behind the social selection model is that homelessness signifies the final point in a process characterized by the slow reduction of an individuals social and economic resources. As an individuals substance use escalates, the persons financial reserves are exhausted as they sustain an increasingly expensive habit. They either fall into rent debts that leads to eviction (Bessant et al., 2002), or family relationships break down leading to homelessness (Coumans Spreen, 2003). Fountain and Howes found that 63% of their sample of homeless people in Britain named drug or alcohol use as a reason for first becoming homeless. The researchers decided that drug use is traditionally seen as one of the major routes into homelessness, and this was borne out by our survey (Fountain Howes, 2002, p. 10). This compares to the above U.S. percentages that have reported drug and alcohol abuse as one of the causes of homelessness. Functionalist Theory Homelessness can be explained by functionalism, a theory developed by Durkheim. Poverty is best understood from a mixed perspective involving conflict, by Karl Marx and functionalist, by Emile Durkheim. Since poverty certainly plays a role in a homelessness community, this theory certainly applies. In my opinion, functionalist theory explains that our country does actually help those in need but occasionally we can be unsuccessful. This theory continues to remind us to live practically and tells us that the social order does essentially work (Meyerhoff 2006). Regrettably, at this time, scientific studies of family homelessness have been unable to instantaneously reflect all of these probable risk factors. Most of the research can be divided into those studies that present family homelessness as the product of separate faces or of community conditions, without examining both factors together (Shlay Rossi, 1992). Conflict Theory Conflict theory, which is significant to the analysis of the homeless condition, is the belief that the means of mental capability and mental achievement plays a role in the determination of what interests will be articulated effectively. Conflict theory studies the macro level of our society, its structures and organizations. While functionalists dispute that society is held together norms, values, and a common morality, conflict theorists consider how society is held together by power and coercion for the advantage of those in power (Ritzer, 2000). Though individuals and groups appreciating great wealth, prestige, and power have the resources needed to impose their values on others with fewer resources, Max Weber, a theorist viewed a range of class divisions in society as normal, inevitable, and acceptable, as do many contemporary conflict theorists (Curran Renzetti, 2001). Webers theory separated the class of individuals into bourgeoisie and proletariat. Bourgeoisie are those capitalist who possess the means of production while the proletariat is deemed as the working class; they are the ones who sell their own labor power. These groupings show how people are classified according to their status in life. It basically defines the societys state of inequality that is stabilized and reproduced through cultural ideology (Meyerhoff 2006). Social Ill within Turley Homelessness Poverty and inequality continues to afflict many residents in Turley, Oklahoma. The best theory that explains the social ill in Turley, Oklahoma, is conflict theory. One of the conflicts impacting Turley residents is the lack of transportation and close health care facilities. Without access to transportation, residents cannot get to work or to doctors or hospitals easily. Webers theory separated the class of individuals into bourgeoisie the haves, and the have-nots were called proletariat. It would be ideal if Marxs idea of constructing a fundamentally equal society where there is no competition for wealth and power (Meyerhoff, 2006). It is known that several of Turley residents have less than other communities. One of the social ills within the Turley community is the many houses that are abandoned, boarded up, falling down or even burned-out by vandalism, which results in minimal to no housing for Turley residents. Also, from low income or unemployment, this may be caused by lack of transportation. This can result in individuals becoming depressed and utilizing drugs or alcohol as a coping mechanism. Prolonged use of drugs or alcohol may result in a mental disorder. People who have complicated life issues related to mental illness and of drug or alcohol use are the most common people who tend to be homeless. There is a common perception that substance abuse and homelessness are linked, but there is considerable contention about the direction of the relationship (Kemp, Neale, Robertson, 2006; Mallett, Rosenthal, Keys, 2005; Neale, 2001; Snow Anderson, 1993). Many people in Turley, Oklahoma are homeless due to lack of affordable housing and lack of access to health care facilities, both of which makes life worse for residents with mental illness or substance abuse problems. Severe mental illnesses may be caused from substance abuse and affect peoples ability to carry out vital stages of everyday life, such as retaining a job, household management or even self-care. Mental illnesses may also prevent people from forming and maintaining stable relationships or cause them to misconstrue assistance from others and react in an angry manner. This often results in pushing away family, friends and caregivers who may be the force keeping that person from becoming homeless. Some studies indicate that substance abuse is a risk factor for homelessness, whereas others suggest that homelessness induces drug use (Neale, 2001, p. 354). Summary In summary, when comparing the U. S. to other global communities, the causes of homelessness were similar, with poverty being the leading cause. To effectively address homelessness, communities need a clear understanding of the problem and realize that it could affect anyone at any given time. Homelessness continues to be an increasing problem and requires social action to overcome the injustice that those people suffer. A change can be made by building or offering affordable housing units to people with low or very minimal income, as well as shielding families from the abuse they may get exposed to and trying to help guide them in the right path. Finally, through helping communities with programs that assist addicted individuals to overcome their addiction as well as people with mental illness by providing affordable health care programs, the homeless have an opportunity to rise above their current situation. As a Child Welfare Supervisor, I selected this particular social justice issue because several of the children that come into OKDHS custody will age out of the system without a permanent home or family, which results in most of them becoming homeless; this was learned in our Child Welfare Trainings. I wanted to learn more about this ongoing problem and feel it is very important that we help homeless people obtain a better life.

Early Cells Essay

1 Hypothesis If you soak an egg in vinegar, then the shell will deteriorate and loose centimeters off of it’s circumference. Data and Observations Time (hrs) Observations Circumference (cm) 0 1. The egg is whole, and has not lost color. 2. The egg was immediately surrounded by bubbles. 3. 14 cm 4. 24 1. The egg appears to have a little bit of color missing. 2. The egg remains firm. 3. 15.5cm 4. 48 1. The eggs shell is beginning to disappear. 2. The shell of the egg is cracking all around. 3. 16 and  ¼cm 4. 72 1. The shell is completely gone, leaving a thin membrane that surrounds the yolk. 2. The egg itself looks flimsy and appears transparent. 3. 17cm Conclusion: Be sure to answer the following reflection questions in the conclusion of your lab report: 1. How much did the egg change in size? (answer should be in centimeter) The egg’s size changed by 3 centimeters. 2. Was your hypothesis correct? Why or why not? My hypothesis proved to be correct because the egg’s shell did, in fact, deteriorate. 3. Evaluate the lab and data collected. What type of transport occurred in this lab? Explain your answer, including evidence from your experiment to  support your explanation. The type of transport that took place in this lab was active. I believe this is true because the particles moved from an area of higher concentration (vinegar), to an area of lower concentration (the egg). 4. Consider how lettuce or spinach placed in water becomes firm and crisp. Use what you have learned about cell membranes to explain this observation. Lettuce and spinach become firm and crisp when placed in water because the cells absorb the water, and in turn makes the lettuce/spinach bloated with water. 5. If you were to continue this experiment by removing the egg from the water and covering it in syrup, what do you think would happen. Explain your prediction. (If you choose to test your prediction, be sure to allow at least 24 hours before making your observations. And, of course, handle the egg very carefully!) If I were to put the same egg in a syrup solution, I believe the thin membrane that remained would break because passive transport would take place.

Divorce and Its Effect on Children

Divorce and its Effect on Children Sociology 120 Wednesday December 7, 2011 My research paper is focusing on how divorced parents affect children. I am focusing mostly on how the child is affected behaviorally, emotionally, and academically. I chose this topic not because my parents are divorced, but because I will be getting married at the end of this month and I thought this would be interesting. I believe that in many cases, divorce is not needed and that the parents should work a little harder and sacrifice to have better relationships with each other and their children.The question I want to answer is if children are affected by the divorce of their parents, and if so, how much. My hypothesis is that children of divorced parents are negatively affected behaviorally, emotionally, and academically. I felt like it was better to focus specifically on these three areas so I could better measure what it is to be negatively affected by divorce. After I first chose this topic to researc h and use for my paper, I started off with the general question in mind of does divorce affect children. I used the LCC library resources online to start gathering information.It was after I spent a while gathering information that I discovered that my topic was too broad and that to more effectively answer the question I was seeking, I needed to narrow down my topic. I looked at the research I had collected from online, newspaper articles, and academic journals, and found a few reoccurring themes. These themes of children of divorced parents being affected emotionally, behaviorally, and academically are the ones I would like to address in my paper. Divorce has become a very common element in today’s society.When more than half of all divorces involve children under the age of 18, divorce does not only affect the husband and wife, but now more than ever their children get mixed up in the sometimes ugly process of divorce. Every year more than one million children experience t he divorce of their parents, and overall close to 40% of all children will experience parental divorce before they turn 18(Amato). Emotional damage is most likely the hardest effect to identify and diagnose with children of divorced parents because it can be hard to measure and is not something that can easily be see.An article in American Journal of Family Law entitled â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Divorce on Children: What is a Family Lawyer to do? † discusses a study that surveyed 1,000 teenagers between the ages of fourteen and eighteen. The study recorded their opinions on divorce and measured thoughts, feelings, and attitudes on the subject. Dr. Robert Gordon conducted the poll and named it the GordonPoll Youth Survey. The teenagers were asked about their parents’ arguing and 50% of the teens said it is â€Å"terrible. When asked what the arguing consisted of, 26% said that their parents’ arguments included â€Å"criticizing the other parent. † Another 35% said that their parents’ arguing included screaming, hitting, and â€Å"throwing stuff† (Jolivet). Dr. Robert Gordon stated after the results of the poll were collected and analyzed that, â€Å"Clearly, children are more deeply bothered by parent conflict than most adults think. While very few adults would scream, hit or throw things at their spouses, most married couples would admit that they at least occasionally disagree and criticize each other in front  of  their children.I’d like to think that these survey results would make them think twice about that† (Jolivet). Whether the parent’s are still together and fighting, or divorced and fighting, it is clear that the children who are caught in the middle of the parents’ feud are the ones who suffer the most. This same article discuses a list of factors that researchers have compiled together to help identify a high-conflict divorce that could have a more significant impact on a child.The factors that have been identified include â€Å"criminal convictions, involvement  of child welfare agencies in the dispute, several or frequent changes in lawyers, frequent court hearings, the overall length  of  time it takes for the case to settle, and a history  of  contact or timesharing denial† (Jolivet). The effects on children emotionally and behaviorally are roughly doubled when they are a part of a high-conflict divorce. These high-conflict situations should be avoided at all costs to ensure the emotional impact on the child is minimal.Studies have shown that children who are a part of these high-conflict divorces experience powerful negative emotions including, â€Å"chronic stress, insecurity, and agitation; shame, self-blame, and guilt; a chronic sense  of  helplessness; fears for their own physical safety; a sense  of  rejection, neglect, unresponsiveness, and lack  of  interest in the well being† (Jolivet). Luckily, most divorces would not be classified as a ‘high conflict,’ but that does not mean the emotional impact on children of divorce is nonexistent. At the very least, stress is a major problem that divorce has on a child.Robert Emery, Ph. D. is a Professor of Psychology and Director of the Center for Children, Families, and the Law at the University of Virginia. Emery has written numerous books on the subject of divorce and family relationships. An article he has written displays the results of a study he did on college students and the lasting impact divorce has had in their lives. Of the 99 students polled in this study, 73% admit that they would be a different person today if their parents had not divorced. Close to half also say that their parents’ divorce still causes struggles in their lives (Emery).Emery also says that besides stress being a major impact on children of divorce, the risk that they will have other affects is substantial. He says, â€Å"Divorce c learly increases the  risk  that children will suffer from psychological and behavioral problems. Troubled children are particularly likely to develop problems with anger, disobedience, and rule violations. School achievement also can suffer. Other children become sad for prolonged periods of time. They may become depressed, anxious, or become perhaps overly responsible kids who end up caring for their parents instead of getting cared for by them† (Emery).The article â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Divorce on Children: What is a Family Lawyer to do? † states a number of behavioral problems that are brought out in children who experience a high-conflict divorce. Some of the behavioral problems are defined as, â€Å"a group  of  behaviors which can be described as: lower commitment to marriage, infidelity, problems with anger management, feelings  of  insecurity, neediness, demandingness, denial and blame, contempt, and poor conflict resolution skills, high er levels  of  depression, and more problems with peers† (Jolivet). In comparison, Dr. Paul R.Amato of Pennsylvania State University compared the results of these studies to similar ones of children who have grown up in stable, two-parent families. The children of the stable families have a â€Å"higher standard of living,   receive more effective parenting, experience more cooperative co-parenting, are emotionally closer to both parents, and are subjected to fewer stressful events and circumstances† (Jolivet). Another study performed by Dr. Amato and Dr. Danelle D. DeBoer has shown that adults who have experienced the divorce of their own parents as children prove to have higher rates of divorce themselves. During the 17 ear study, 2,000 married individuals and 335 of their children who also got married were observed. The study revealed that divorces were seen more often among the adults that had parents of their own who had divorced. Dr. Amato commented on his s tudies with the theory that parents who had seen their own parents’ divorce saw divorce as a reasonable solution to an unhappy marriage. Dr. Amato does add that adults with divorced parents are not necessarily going to be doomed to divorce themselves, but that they may need to work a little harder to keep their own marriages from following the same path to divorce (Jolivet).Psychologist Judith Wallerstein, founder of the Judith Wallerstein Center for the Family in Transition, has conducted numerous interviews with children of divorce and to this day is dedicated to her qualitative method stating it is more personal and intimate. Wallerstein began her interviews back in 1971, directly after the no-fault divorce was passed in California. Divorce rates began rising as parents took advantage of this new law not taking into account the affect it would have. Wallerstein decided to start talking to the children about how the divorce affected them.Of the original 131 children she had when she started her project, she has continued contact with 93 of them. The children are now adults themselves and through her interviews she has determined that, â€Å"the major impact of divorce does not occur during childhood or adolescence, rather, it rises in adulthood as serious romantic relationships move center stage. When it comes time to choose a life mate . . . the effects of divorce crescendo† (Peterson). Wallerstein found that of the 93 adult children of divorce she has interviewed, only 40% have married.She says that the adult children of divorce expect to fail at marriage and that they fear â€Å"loss, conflict, betrayal and loneliness. † She also states, â€Å"That she is amazed that the children of divorce tell her divorce is with them every day of their lives† and â€Å"how much their parents' divorce shaped their adult years. † (Peterson). It’s plain to see that based on the results of these numerous studies, that divorce certa inly does play an important role in the lives of children of divorce both while they are still young and as they grow into adulthood.It not only affects their life as a child, but also their future. An article in the The Miami Times entitled â€Å"How divorce affects a child's education,† Fran Newman, author of â€Å"Children in Crisis† explains some of the ways a child’s education is affected by divorce. She states that it can be very difficult to detect the way divorce affects a child, but one of the more noticeable changes is in a child’s education. Whether the child begins acting out in class, or their grades drop, it is something that needs to be addressed. Newman encourages strong communication between home and school.She also adds that, â€Å"in recognizing that there's something wrong at home, teachers look for two things. One is a child who is normally energetic and outgoing withdraws. The other is the stable child who all of a sudden begins to act up and get into all sorts of problems† (Education). Are the differences in school because of the arguing that occurs at home, or the fact that the parents devote most of their time to the divorce, new spouse, or themselves instead of their children? Sara McLanahan, a sociologist at Princeton University, has done several studies measuring the academic effect divorce has on children.In one such study, McLanahan discovered that children of divorce are more likely to drop out of high school compared to children whose parents stay together. In her studies, she found that the middle-class is affected the most and that, â€Å"They are roughly three times as likely to drop out of high school if their parents split up. † She also found some interesting results that show how the children are affected as they grow into adulthood. In girls, she discovered that they are more likely to have a premarital birth, and boys have a higher chance of being unemployed (Divorce).Kathleen K iernan of the Family Policy Studies Centre and Martin Richards of Cambridge University have also done research of the lasting impact divorce has on children as they grow older. Their research however was focused on families in Great Britain where there are more records, some dating back to the 1950s, of how divorce impacts children as they grow into their 20s. These records confirm much of what McLanahan has shown in her studies of children as they move out of their teens. The studies done by Kiernan and Richards have confirmed that children of divorce are more likely to drop out of school and even leave their homes early.This leads to higher rates of early cohabitation and premarital birth. Kiernan’s and Richard’s work also suggests that children of divorced parents are less likely to attend a university (Divorce). Writer Diana Mahoney best described divorce when she said, â€Å"No  divorce  is a good  divorce, but when it comes to the kids, some  divorces  are clearly better than others† (Jolivet). It is clear that not all children of divorce are impacted the same ways as others, or as profoundly. Parents have the huge responsibility of caring for their children and many parents take this matter too lightly.Many steps should be taken before divorce is even an option, and too many parents see divorce as the only step when a relationship becomes a little shaky. If a divorce is absolutely necessary, it is the parents’ great responsibility to make sure the child always comes first no matter what. Works Cited Amato, Paul R. â€Å"The Consequences of Divorce for Adults and Children. †Ã‚  Journal of Marriage and Family  62. 4 (2000): 1269-87. ProQuest Central. Web. 4 Dec. 2011. â€Å"Divorce and Children: They Muck You Up. †Ã‚  The Economist  Mar 20 1993: 33-. ProQuest Central. Web. 6 Dec. 2011  . Emery, Robert E. How Divorce Affects Children. † The Truth about Children and Divorce. 2011. 05 Dec. 2011 http://www. emeryondivorce. com/ how_divorce_affects_children. php. â€Å"How Divorce Affects a Child’s Education. †Ã‚  Miami Times: 15B. Ethnic NewsWatch. 2011. Web. 4 Dec. 2011  . Jolivet, Kendra Randall. â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Divorce on Children: What is a Family Lawyer to do? †Ã‚  American Journal of Family Law  25. 4 (2012): 175-83. ProQuest Central. Web. 4 Dec. 2011. Peterson, Karen S. â€Å"Unhappily Ever After Children of Divorce Grow into Bleak Legacy. †Ã‚  USA TODAY: 01. D. ProQuest Central. Sep 05 2000. Web. 6 Dec. 2011  .

My Mothers Words

My Mothers Words Free Online Research Papers Mothers say a lot of things. Some words you hear once and forget, but some linger as you grow and mature. I remember this one conversation I had with my mother when I was about thirteen or 14 years old. I didnt know any better, but I was getting older and more ladylike. My mother had a rough life, but even now she would love to see me walk up on that stage and graduate college with my classmates. She said in a teary voice, â€Å"Find jobs were you don’t have to bust your butt all day and night just to make ends meet.† She was a teenage mother, struggling to take care of me, while she had to find a good work schedule. She never completed her education; therefore she tried to push me into doing something for myself. My mother and I never really talked much, but this time was special. She wanted to talk about boys my age and their intentions. The words she said to me, and the explanation she gave me, would stay in my head forever. Every time I would even look at a b oy, I would think of her, and what shes been through. It was a cool breezy day in January 2006, when my mother called for me. She said, â€Å"Sit down we need to have a little talk.† I looked at her and said, â€Å"Talk, about what?† Then there was a silence. It was no ordinary silence it was more like a serious silence, that you know its time to get serious. She then asked me, â€Å"Have you been thinking of boys or more like a boyfriend?† I laughed and told her, â€Å"Are you serious?† Next thing you know, she was off telling me all about those sneaky boys. All I could do was sit back and listen to every word she had to say. My mother then sits next to me and out poured the words. â€Å"There comes a time when you will fall in love or so think you are in love.† She continues and explains that these so called boys will ask me out on dates, or ask for my phone number. I’m sitting and thinking, â€Å"This is not happening.† She then raised her voice a little and said, â€Å"It will be easy for you to hand over your phone number and accept that first date.† She was telling me that she only wanted the best for me and therefore, she would trust me to make good choices. My mother talks with her hands so while she was telling me, all I saw were hand gestures all over the place. She exclaimed, â€Å"Give yourself the respect you deserve!† She was trying to imply that if I respect myself, then the boys will respect me. She told me some of her thoughts and things she didn’t want repeated and done to me. As she looked down she said, â€Å"Don’t believe anything they say, I may have made a few mistakes in my life.† She looked at me and I saw a tear flow down her cheek. She said, â€Å"I wouldn’t want you to be a teen mother, like myself, having to drop school and working a full time mediocre job.† My mother then explained, â€Å"It’s a tough world out there, especially without someone to be there for guidance and support.† She grabbed my knee and said, â€Å"There will be plenty of time for children of your own and plenty of boys.† She also mentioned that I shouldn’t let anybody put my self-esteem down. Finally she took a deep breath and said, â€Å"Don’t think of anything I said to you now, but somewhere along in your life you will notice you’re becoming a young woman.† She calmly walked toward the door and said, â€Å"Then you will sit back and think about this conversation with your mother.† This conversation only took about 2 to 3 minutes. To me it was almost half a day, it was nice, and for my mother to talk to me that way made me realize that I was in a way becoming a young woman. When I am alone, I go for walks at the mall, or at the park. I look at everything and I can’t believe my eyes. There are young teenage girls becoming mothers for the first time. Some of these girls won’t even go back to pursue their education. Sometimes I wonder what it would be like, if I hadn’t had that conversation with my mother. Time goes by really fast and you don’t realize it, until you are in a struggle. Then and only then, do I remember those words and say to myself, â€Å"I am so proud of having such a role model in my life, like my mother, to guide me and be there for emotional and unconditional support.† Thank you, mother, because if it weren’t for you I wouldn’t be where I am at this very moment. Research Papers on My Mother's WordsPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Spring and AutumnHip-Hop is ArtThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTrailblazing by Eric AndersonUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresMind TravelComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Hispanics and Higher Education Essay Example

Hispanics and Higher Education Essay Example Hispanics and Higher Education Essay Hispanics and Higher Education Essay Introduction: Society keeps the hype that higher education is the key to success, so if one graduates one has take several steps forward to succeed in life (Sewell, Shah). Such success comes easy for white Americans since a study done by Newsweek (2011) an online news company demonstrated that 9 out of 10 white Americans graduate in four years meanwhile 5 out of 10 minorities graduate in 7 years. Why is this? B. Background: Some more background for you, did you know that in California less than 15 percent of Hispanics hold a bachelors degree, and near 10 percent of African Americans hold a bachelors compared to 34 percent of white Americans. If we take what Shah and Sewell comment about success, why isn’t minority success the same? C. Relevance: In order to have a bigger picture of the world, and be informed of social injustices D. Credibility: I am a Hispanic/Latino American who has taken two Latin American Studies courses, one focusing on higher education. Besides it wouldn’t be the same if an Anglo-American gave this speech E. Preview of Main Points: 1. Problem: Very few role models in Hispanic/Latino American lives with higher education degrees 2. Problem: Schools in low income communities do not have the same funding that schools in high income communities have 3. Solution: Higher funding for schools in low income communities Transition 1: William Sewell and Vimal Shah (1967), retired doctorate professors of sociology at the University of Wisconsin state that role models in society are used to set the bar of success by others. II. First Main Point: Hispanics/Latinos have very few role models in their lives A. Third Generation Hispanic/Latinos apply to college 1. Beginning with immigrant workers in the 1950s and 60s, due to the migratory status of first generation Hispanics/Latinos College was not an option since financial aid was not available to them nor was there many jobs available to them. Therefore they would end up with weak economic stability (Ovink, Veazey, 2011). 2. Following the line second generation Hispanics/Latinos did not apply to college but instead searched a job right after high school (if they graduated) to help their parents with their debt (2011). 3. It’s usually a third generation Hispanic American who applies to college since the parents might have more economic stability than the grandparents and since more financial aid makes college affordable (2011). B. Not many Hispanic Role Models 4. If it takes two to three generations for Hispanics/Latino Americans to attend college, there is a lack of role models for them to set the bar. a. Compared to white Americans who have had generations going to college, and who only need to turn on the television to see an individual with a degree (MacDonald, Botti, Hoffman, 2010). 5. White Americans have many more role models . Take for example an Ivy League school; a minority must apply with pure merit mean while a person with a certain last name or certain amount donated gets instant admission (2010). c. There are not many Hispanic/Latino American individuals who have a large sum or amount of money to donate to schools nor are there many renowned Latinos (2010). 6. The article by these three individuals (2010) continues to state that the only role models Latinos really have is movie actors and music artist who are usually not even American Transition Statement 2: Lets look at the second problem though. III. Second Main Point: Lack of economic aid to low income communities, A. Low funding for schools in low income schools 1. Due to recent budget cuts teachers are being laid off while the number of students continues to grow, creating bigger class sizes (Clemmitt, 2007) 2. Less individual attention to each student (2007) 3. Take Southern California for example, schools are highly underfunded since the drop out rate for Hispanics/Latinos is 32. 8% (2007) B. Show graph, Minority Funding Gaps By State (Funding Gaps 2006, The Education trust) 4. The average funding for a student should be $2,000 or more through out his/her school year. Indicated here, less than $500 (Clemmit, 2007) 5. A study conducted by UCLA showed that the school most funded by LAUSD was Beverly Hills High School with a 90. 8% graduation rate where minorities are less than 20% (Neil and Balfanz, 2007). C. Show next graph, Blacks, Hispanics Attend High Poverty Schools (â€Å"The Condition of Education 2004 in Brief† National Center for Education, 2004) 6. 75% percent of Hispanic/Latino Americans attend high-poverty schools, while less than 5% of white Americans do (Neild and Balfanz, 2007) D. Show last graph, Majority of Drop Outs Are Hispanic, Black (â€Å"The Cost and Benefits of an Excellent Education for All of America’s Children† Teachers College, Columbia University, 2007) 7. As one can notice not only are Hispanics in low income schools, but as a result they are the most that are high school drop outs. Transition Statement 3: As you have noticed there is a serious social problem, an injustice with not only Hispanics but minorities in general. To every problem there is a solution though. IV. Third Main Point: Higher Funding and Role Models A. According to Luis Ricardo Fraga, Kenneth J. Meier and Robert E. Englan in their article on the Journal of Politics (1986)) representation of minorities in higher education has stayed low and will stay low unless Hispanics create public figures with professional degrees (p. 856) 1. How can this be done? B. Higher Funding for low income schools 2. Low Income schools need more funding to redirect resources to creating a better educational curriculum so that programs and acts such as No Child Left Behind can reach their full potential (Kelly, Scheider, Carey 2010) C. Prompting Hispanic Americans to finish college 3. According to Kelly, Schneider and Carey (2010), its not so much learning about the problem in minority graduation rates but also about creating role models for Hispanic Americans even if they are not the same ethnicity. 4. The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research an organization funded by Bill Gates also states in the same article that even if one is not Hispanic one should take initiative in ones community and become a role model for minority students not just Hispanic students by volunteering at a high school or school (2010). . Doing this will help create a stronger and smarter society through education diminishing gender, and racial lines (2010) Transition Statement 4: As we can see, Education in Hispanic Americans is a serious problem and a social injustice for other minorities also. V. Conclusion A. Review of Main Points: 1. MP/Problem- Hispanic Americans do not have many role models in their lives due to how it takes two or three generations for a Hispanic American family to have a college graduate. The popular role models that Hispanics currently have are artist, or actors not college graduates 2. MP/Problem- Not enough money is being funded into low income schools causing less money or funding to create high school graduate individuals and college graduates 3. MP/Solution- By giving minorities not only Hispanics/Latinos help in graduating one would be helping society not only certain ethnicities reach success B. Restatement of Thesis: I have just informed you on the social injustice of education for Hispanic/Latino Americans C. Conclusion: Lets hope that in the next ten years, the statistics will read differently

The importance of telephon consultancy service provided by SOCIAL Essay

The importance of telephon consultancy service provided by SOCIAL SUPPORT CENTER in solving social problems in UAE - Essay Example nal (advice, suggestions, or directives that assist the person to respond to personal or situational demands), emotional (empathy, concern, caring, love, and trust) and appraisal (transmission of information in the form of affirmation, feedback and social comparison) (Bilthoven) Advice through telephone is a common form of social support. Many people in our society need emotional support and that can be achieved using telephonic advices. For example, anxiety and depression are common problems in many people because of the increased commitments and such people can seek the support/advice from social workers in order to reduce/eliminate their stress. There are many people in our society who is facing physical and emotional problems which can be tackled up to certain extent through telephonic advices or support. UAE is a country which is facing so many social problems and the people are reluctant to reveal it publicly. When people approaches social support centres directly, their privacy cannot be guaranteed. Such people can seek the assistance of telephonic advices from social centres to solve their problems. This paper briefly explains the telephone consultancy services in UAE in solving social problems. UAE doctors have recently warned the public that more local women are taking up smoking shisha as part of a worrying new lifestyle trend within the UAE. Dr. Bassam Mahboub has explained that the exact number of women smokers is difficult to know becasue they are smoking at private places (AMEinfo.com). Solomon et al (1996), after a thorough research have found that social support through telephone calls using ex-smokers is effective in making positive changes in women smoking (Solomon et al, p.379). Women smokers are large in many countries and UAE is also not an exception. Unlike other countries, it is difficult to estimate the number of women smokers in UAE since most of them smoke privately because of their fear of tight social and cultural norms. These female

Improvements in the supply chain offered by e-commerce developments Essay

Improvements in the supply chain offered by e-commerce developments - Essay Example Significant advantages offered through the implementation of e-commerce are the streamlining of the supply operations through the elimination of redundant paperwork, order batching and stockpiling. There is a higher degree of interaction and timeliness that may be brought into the supply chain management through e-commerce. A large database of valid, current information can be maintained which can also be used for data analysis. The cons of the e-commerce system however are also induced by technology – the dangers of confidential information being accessed by unauthorized parties and consequent losses that could result. In carrying out this analysis, I have chosen to reply upon a library based approach, seeking out the views of experts on the benefits of the e-commerce system and its implications for supply chain management. The findings in this report are that e-commerce is likely to be of enormous benefit in supply chain management. While there are also potential disadvantages, the pros outweigh the cons and therefore, introducing e-commerce offers excellent possibilities for improvements in current supply chain management. The traditional supply chain model is based upon the push model, wherein the process of placing orders and marketing the product involves customers, retailers, wholesalers, distributors and manufacturers, and at every stage there is paperwork involved. Much of such paperwork may also be duplicated, which results in the Supply Chain essentially becoming a system serving the suppliers almost as much as it serves the customers, who should be its primary focus. However, with the onset of e-commerce, online business auctions, web procurement systems and electronic business negotiations are becoming increasingly common, with availability of additional software such as shopping bots, etc enabling consumers to carry our price comparisons online (Vulkan, 2003). As a result, the supply