Communication between countries

Communication between countries has become one of the most important things for country leaders to consider. However, some people think that regular communication can lead to a mixture of culture that may cause culture collapse. Actually, communication between countries cannot be avoided in modern society. Also, culture will always disappear when time passes as young people are less concern about culture. Besides, communication can create new culture that can lead the world to a more platonic place that all people can live together without much culture differences Firstly, we need communication and diversity between countries.Different countries have different culture. Without communication, the country is over closed that may cause huge disaster. Just like China during King Dynasty: when the empire decided to close the gate of trade, she actually closed a most convenient way to develop and gain power. Finally, the whole country was almost defeated by the foreign enemies. From the le sson taught by Chinese people's blood, we cannot stop communicating between countries. Secondly, culture collapse is not mainly caused by communication. When ages pass, all old things will eventually disappear s these are not what young people interested in.Therefore, when more old people have gone, less people are familiar with it; even it Is their own culture, until finally when they realize it. At that time, those people actually need other similar culture to complete their lost part. From time to time, the thing that some called culture collapse occurs, but it is Just a way for people to maintain their culture. Last but not least, it is true that many cultures have huge differences that a little action may cause huge misunderstanding. For example, the same gesture made In China means K means money in Japan and also means affront In Brazil.As a result, because traveling has become one of the most Important entertainments, so we need to accept different culture from communicating between countries. Although there are many religions In the world, their mall purpose Is the same which Is to give people belief, to prevent them giving up when meeting difficulties as they believe gods are helping them, and to lead them In the right way with appreciation. In that case, even countries have a variety of culture; the mixture of culture can actually Improve the ultra and make It better.In conclusion, communication between countries cannot be stopped as not only countries need It, culture needs It, too. It may cause culture change Its original, but It Is no doubted that the communication Is helping the culture and lower the speed of culture collapse. Communication between countries By Rose-Wang have gone, less people are familiar with it; even it is their own culture, until finally huge misunderstanding. For example, the same gesture made in China means K means money in Japan and also means affront in Brazil.As a result, because revealing has become one of the most impo rtant entertainments, so we need to many religions in the world, their main purpose is the same which is to give people helping them, and to lead them in the right way with appreciation. In that case, even countries have a variety of culture; the mixture of culture can actually improve the culture and make it better. In conclusion, communication between countries cannot be stopped as not only countries need it, culture needs it, too. It may cause culture change its original, but it is no doubted that the communication is helping the

Historical Perspective Essay Essay

As per Elizabeth Ann Manhart Barret â€Å"Nursing science is the substantive, abstract knowledge describing nursing’s unique phenomenon of concern, the integral nature of unitary human beings and their environments. The creation of this knowledge occurs through synthesis as well as qualitative and quantitative modes of inquiry. Nursing science-based practice and research is the imaginative and creative use of nursing knowledge to promote the health and well-being of all people.†(Kalisch. 1986) The theorist who I believed had the most tremendous impact on nursing research and the profession of nursing as it stands today is Florence Nightingale. Florence Nightingale, originally from England was a great visionary and pioneer of nursing in the 1870’s. Her focus and teachings in nursing were on patient care and hygiene to enhance healing. Florence Nightingale did not consider herself a theorist however her documentation of her practice have guided the science of nursi ng and nursing research for decades. Nightingale’s Environmental theory is an integral part of healthcare today. Her principles are better adopted in an educational setting but can be applied to a clinical setting. Nightingale’s Environmental theory was based on the concept that the environment could be altered to improve conditions so that the natural laws could allow healing, and that the environment is capable of suppressing, preventing or causing disease and illness in the individual. Her theory also stated that a poor environment leads to poor health and disease. Core concepts or metaparadigms are the tenants of nursing and their role is to define how patients should be treated. The concepts are the person, the environment, health and nursing. (Avant. 2011). All of the concepts are interrelated and each concept builds upon the concept that precedes it. Nightingale’s definitions of the metaparadigms have been utilized by many of the theorist that have followed her and are still widely  used today. She defined them as followed: The human was seen as the person or the individu al. The role of the nurse is to alter the environment to place the individual in the best condition for nature or the environment to act upon them. The environment was defined as all external and internal factors that can affect the health and wellness of the individual and health was defined as the process of getting well In conclusion research and nursing science has greatly evolved through the years and will continue to do so over time with the continued contributions from nurses such as Florence Nightingale and the continued advancements in research and medicine. As the needs of the patients continue to grow so will the quest for more nursing knowledge, and the science of nursing will continue to develop.

Sharing a Room Is Difficult

Sharing a room is difficult. Having a younger sister means mess, mess, and more mess. I try to arrange things a certain way and find them completely changed by the time I get home at the end of the day. Despite the downsides of sharing, I love my room because of the way it has changed throughout the years. The first thing you notice as you enter my bedroom is the blue stars on the white walls, and the cherry laminated wood flooring. The size of the room is not big neither small, just average sized. There is only one window which is on the far right corner, which lets the sunlight in every morning. We have a big mirror on the side facing the dresser and my bed. My bed is my favorite thing in my room. After a long day of studying or working out I get to relax on a soft, comfortable, full sized bed. It has a Dodger blue colored comforter set, and about a dozen pillows. There are usually two to three college books laying there for unfinished homework. Space for me is important. I like to have everything in place and very clean. My biggest obstacle is having enough room for my clothes in the closet. Everything is arranged into shirts, sweaters, and coats on one side; and jeans or sweats on the other. Workout shoes, tennis shoes, and heels are all nicely put on the bottom according to color. Movie nights are usually held at my house and in my room so I have a variety of comedies, action, and thriller movies. My all time favorites include: Gone in Sixty Seconds, Crash, A Walk to Remember, and Love and Basketball. I also have an Xbox in my room for when my brother wants to play Call of Duty. The television is my wakeup call every morning. I have a bookshelf filled with about thirty books. Some from high school other’s just for my enjoyment. I enjoy reading books other people recommend or books that grab my attention. Some of my favorite books you will definitely find on the top shelf are: Dear John, The Lovely Bones, and My Sister’s Keeper. I would usually get home and read for about half an hour on my warm and cozy bed.

Law - Juvenile Delinquents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law - Juvenile Delinquents - Essay Example In 2008, 180,100 juvenile arrests were made in relation to drug violations, which consisted of 15 percent of total juvenile arrests that year (Puzzanchera, 2009). These statistics further highlight that this is a seven percent reduction in drug-related arrests between 2007 and 2008. At the same time, drug violation arrests represented 11 percent of total juvenile arrests. The majority of drug-related arrests consisted of male violators compared to females. In 1994, drug violations with male offenders suddenly spiked, but have remained relatively steady since 2002 with only marginal declines year-on-year. For female violators, drug abuse arrests have also remained essentially steady since 1997, after a sudden spike in arrests around 1993, with marginal decreases year-by-year. In 2008, the states of Illinois, Maryland, and Wyoming maintained the highest arrest rates in the country (Puzzanchera, 2009). In relation to assault arrests, the volume of juvenile arrest for simple assaults rec ognized no increase or decrease from 2007 (Puzzanchera, 2009). ... For males, per 100,000 arrests, simple assault arrests were approximately totaled approximately 900. Despite male declines from 1999, 2008’s arrest records illustrate that simple assaults are dominated by male juvenile offenders. In relation to total 2008 arrests, males more than females were the most prominent offenders in all categories of violations, with 70 percent male and 30 percent female. Robbery and murder were dominated by blacks in relation to arrests made for whites and other ethnic groups for these violations. The Violent Crime Index indicates that blacks juvenile arrests were 500 percent of white juvenile arrests from 2004-2008. This has significant implications for the black ethnic group as the entire juvenile population in America in 2008 consisted of 78 percent white and only 16 percent black. Asian/Pacific Islanders made up only five percent of the juvenile population in 2008, while American Indians represented only a marginal one percent of the population. W ith these extreme ratios of approximately 5:1 for violent crime arrests between blacks and whites respectively, this indicates a potential justice abiding problem or social problem with the black population that only makes up 16 percent of the total 2008 juvenile population. Female robbery arrest rates increased 51 percent from 2002 to 2008. At the same time, the female aggravated assault arrest rates increased 80 percent from 1980 to 2008, though this was a 17 percent drop from 1999 to 2008. Larceny-theft, considered a violent crime by the Department of Justice, showed marked increases in female juvenile offenders of four percent, while male juvenile counterparts showed a large 29 percent decrease between 1999 and 2008.

Frankfurts notion of Second Order Volition Essay

Frankfurts notion of Second Order Volition - Essay Example Frankfurt’s essay opens with his views on the concept of â€Å"person†. When his contemporaries seek to define a person as merely a body with states of consciousness, Frankfurt begs to differ. He states that a person is not just the singular form of ‘people’. It does not merely refer to the members of certain biological species with a set of specific physical and mental characteristics that are supposed to be uniquely human. Humans are not the only creatures with desires, motives and choices. But it is the capacity of reflective self-evaluation and a desire to be different from what they are that makes the persons a class apart from the other living beings.The primary feature that differentiates a person from other creatures is his structure of will. To define â€Å"will†, one needs to first understand the concept of first order desire. A first order desire is simply a desire for something or a desire to do or not to do one thing or another. For exam ple, a desire to smoke a cigarette or to watch a movie or to read a book is a first order desire. ... Therefore, a desire which determines the behaviour of a person at a critical moment and leads him to action in the presence of other conflicting desires is termed as will. (Frankfurt, 1971, pp. 4-5) To define â€Å"free will†, Frankfurt introduces another type of desires- second order desires. A second order desire refers to a desire about a first order desire or a desire to have or not to have a first order desire. Or in other words, a second order desire is a manifestation of the uniquely human ability of reflection on one’s first order desires. For example, a habitual smoker may have a desire to smoke but a smoker who is trying to quit may want â€Å"not to have a desire to smoke†. The latter is a case of second order desire.It is these second order desires that are regarded as a mark of ‘personhood’. (Frankfurt, 1971, p. 3) Second order desires which refer to effective first order desires are termed as second order volitions. In simpler terms, wh en a person wants a second order desire to be his will, it becomes a second order volition. To illustrate the concept better, we may take the example of a psychologist dealing with a drug addict patient. To understand his patient better, he may want to have the desire for drugs (second order desire). But he does not want his desire to be effective (to actually take drugs). The doctor thus demonstrates a second order desire but no second order volition. It is not second order desire but second order volition that is essential to being a person and this leads us to the definition of free will and freedom of action.((Frankfurt, 1971, p. 5) Free will is a situation wherein a person’s second order volition determines his behaviour. The definition of â€Å"freedom of will†

Explaining Mens Entry Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Explaining Mens Entry - Article Example The article has focused on the social imperatives that may be responsible for men taking up jobs in female concentrated occupations. The article, on the contrary, is a research study that has touched an aspect of the gender issue that is not voluntary but forced on the so-called dominating male. The author says that in the contemporary times, men are entering into female concentrated occupations but refuse to contemplate or accept the need for either crossing the socio-psychological barrier or making any efforts to bridge the increasing divisions within the social fabric. They are not entering into the so-called female occupation out of personal preferences but because they either do not have any option or their decisions are solely based on vested interests and career goals. The article details the short research that was conducted on the odd 27 men, gives pertinent information regarding men’s behavior under different situational paradigm. The research methodology was focused on ‘interview’ that could have prompted the pre-meditated response. But at the same time, it has combined so many issues into one that the impact of the study has lost context and bumbles at the dark recesses of the research arena that are either already proved or have already been articulated by others. The research itself is confined to such small sample that it may not actually represent the true state of the issue in question. The highlight of the research was that the men were perceived to have personalities that are focused towards self-interests and ego-based, which were often at the crossroad to the wider objectives of the workplace. The research has reasserted that masculinity is a major factor with men and have analyzed in a scientifically comprehensive manner that may not be easily understood by a common man.

How has education and sports contributed to who you are today and how Essay

How has education and sports contributed to who you are today and how it will effect who you will become - Essay Example However, my academic life had not been affected by my participation in sports activities and competitions, because I always wanted to do well in both my studies and sports. The fact that I focused equally on sports and education helped me develop a high level of personal discipline from early years onwards. Since my parents allowed me to play when I was a small child, sports had in fact become a part of my daily life. I did learn to accommodate regular exercises and practice every day no matter how busy my schedule was. My school years did in fact provide me a lot of opportunities to be trained under excellent instructors. The special training programmes were very useful for me, and they were scheduled either early in the morning or in the evening, before or after class hours. Since I had been used to rigorous training programs since my early childhood, it was never a problem for me to dedicate quality time for academics and attend all the classes. In fact, the sport activities did help me develop a healthy mind in a healthy body, which did prepare me to utilize the maximum of time I had for my studies. I realized at school education was an integral part of my growth and development as an individual. I liked everything I was taught in the classrooms. I had been a diligent student who honors classes throughout high school and maintained a 2.5 average. I could connect well with all my teachers and be in jovial terms with my classmates. I learnt about the value of good friendship through my school years. Many of my friends did go out of their way to help me. They shared their class notes with me and spent time to explain the main points discussed in classes that I missed during sport competitions. I had been truly convinced of the relevance of all the subjects I had to study. I believe I have a very balanced personality thanks to my equal interest in

Project 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project 1 - Assignment Example Andersen served as the company’s auditor and he consequently issued an auditor’s report that stated that all-financial statements had been presented fairly with respect to all materials and in accordance to the GAAP. Duncan was the global engagement partner for the Enron’s audits. He held such responsibilities as determining whether an unqualified opinion should be issued within the report of the auditor. The main official responsibility of Duncan was to ensure that all auditors’ reports about the financial statements were relevant and true before he could sign them. Duncan held full responsibility on the approval for all business documents and financial statements and the Enron’s annual reports on the forms 10-k that had been filed with the commission for years 1998 to 200 consecutively. In addition, Duncan was supposed to design and implement auditing procedures that were adequate in addressing the total risks essential in the Enron engagement. He was supposed to perform tests and other procedures to obtain competent and sufficient evident matter. He was supposed to properly supervise the audits for Enron (Markham & Jerry 92). Duncan was responsible for determining whether the unqualified opinions were supposed to be issued within the auditor’s report. For the ended years, however, Duncan did not perform his duty in due diligence. He was not careful to note that the auditor’s reports he had signed on behalf of Andersen were misleading and materially false. Duncan had carelessly signed the unqualified auditor’s reports with little concern on observing their relevance. This action was alleged as being against the Securities Exchange Act of section 10 (b) as well as being against rule 10b-5. Duncan failed to ensure that the engagement team audited Enron’s prepay transactions according to the GAAS and also failed to make sure that Enron adequately disclose and presented the prepay transactions in its financial statements. With respect to the AU Section 316, with consideration of Fraud in a financial statement audit, the Anderson team identified several risk factors. Andersen identified the Fraud risk at Enron as well as the engagement team that documented that many risks were available with Enron. For instance, questioners that were prepared by the engagement team demonstrated that Enron placed emphases that were undue on meeting earnings targets. Enron also used highly destructive accounting practices. Another risk that had been identified is that Enron used uncommon year-end dealings that posed difficult substance over form enquiries. The misleading statements that Duncan had signed had some social-economic consequences of that, the financial statements were not performed with respect to GAAS and that his financial statements did not present Enron’s outcomes of operations, their financial position, cash flows and changes in the equity with respect to the GAAP. This acti on demonstrated Duncan recklessness that is a social problem associated with the Enron. Much of the Enron’s quarterly earnings were ascribed to unrealized achievements in its merchant energy portfolio as well as in various technology investments (Markham & Jerry 86). Part II- related party transactions A related party transaction can be explained as a business arrangement or deal between two parties joined by a certain relationship prior to the arrangement or the deal. A business transaction between a corporation and

Planning and Implementation of Information Technology in Civilian and Essay

Planning and Implementation of Information Technology in Civilian and Military Organizations - Essay Example In fact, at the present there is very complex and dangerous environment for security and privacy. In this scenario, there is critical need for applying more appropriate security and privacy management technology based solutions. However, for implementation of such solutions there is need for effective planning and management of overall development. These days extremely complex national security situation is taking the Forces toward new, frequently non-traditional military missions, anti-terrorism actions, regional threats, homeland defense and counter-drug operations those are among a lot of disputes we face every day. In this critical situation, a powerful and flexible force is a necessary element of every national security plan. In addition, in order to convene nation's worldwide commitments in this demanding 21st Century setting, all types of the national Forces have be an expeditionary force (Price, 2011; Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005). As discussed above there are cr itical changes happening in the worldwide environment, as a result there is need for much better and effective planning and management of new technology based solutions in order to deal with such kinds of operation and situation. In this scenario there is need for managing security and privacy of information transfers and data movements. These all processes need to be well planned and managed in order to better manage the national security and privacy (i.e. military operations and systems). On the other hand, in the business world, smart and successful businesses are those that are successful and quick enough in making effective use of information technology with co-evolution in unified limits similar to, social and economic transformations, technological progresses, and changes in ideas of processes, association procedure, authority and management techniques, training and education of people. Thus, these business corporations attain control over their ecosystems by establishing and making use of latest information technologies (Martzoukos & Haramis, 2009; Hughes & Cotterell, 2005). However, in both cases in business and national security or military point of view the security and privacy management of overall situation is the basic need of each entity. The business and military both need effective security and privacy that can be attained through the effective implementation of technology based solutions. In other words, this can be done through the application of new and innovative technology solution and it needs effective planning and management guidelines. Thus, with effective planning we can be able to get a better solution that will offer us an opportunity to effectively manage the business and national security (military operations). These solutions will offer the forces more power to fight against the national issues and problems. On the other hand, businesses will be able to deal with hacking and virus related issues (Martzoukos & Haramis, 2009; Hugh es & Cotterell, 2005). In this scenario, we can say that we completely agree with the statement that application of effective planning for and implementation of information technology in civilian and military organizations require essentially similar

Research for the Financial Risk Management Problems of Small and Literature review

Research for the Financial Risk Management Problems of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise in China - Literature review Example Similarly, Allen warns that investors who fail to adopt the correct strategies in handling the identified risks always face severe consequences. To support his ideology, he says that the economic depletion of 2008 came out because of the then major financial firms failing to adopt the correct strategies of managing loose credit. Mulz 2011 (pg. 7) defines financial risk management as the aspect of evaluating and managing current or possible financial risks within the firm. He says that even though financial risk management practices cannot always prevent firms from all possible risks, they are beneficial in a way as they decrease the level at which firms are exposed to the risk. According to (pg. 9), risk management has some similarity to financial risk management. The similarity arises from the fact that in both cases, investors and firm managers are required to identify potential risks, evaluate possible remedies that they can embrace, and finally implement the most appropriate strategies in such a way that the objectives of the business are handled satisfactorily. Historically, various economies of the world have different mechanisms of controlling their markets. This is to mean that a strategy can be ideal for implementation in the United States but not in China, Brazil, Australia or South Africa for that matter. This essay aims to provide more insight on both risk management and financial risk management, but by comparing the most applicable strategies in China with those in Western nations notably, the United States of America. Similarly, this essay aims to discuss how differently bigger companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises in China manage risks. On the same note, the essay briefly covers some of the financial risk problems that SME’s face in their attempt to compete with the already established corporates. Chance 2010 (pg. 47) argues that the

Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Leadership - Assignment Example The today business world faces numerous challenges; the economic world is actually characterized by the never unknown transformations of new technologies, ever growing and changing market demands and the global competition (Gardner & Schermerhorn Jr, 2004). There is a high level of uncertainties and complexities facing the workers in their various workplaces, and the job roles are becoming very ambiguous and the originations have found a new companion called change. The leaders who look at company matters for their personal gains instead of considering the organizational well-being usually because deep resignation, general mistrust amongst the employees and the citizens, in general. In this unpredictable business environment, demand for new original leadership is rising very fast. The lack of the public trust in the business world always has some consequences which are very dangerous to the many who enjoy the market system and that is why the development of unique set of business leaders who treat the very people who work for them as the backbone of their business and the key to success rather than some capital incentives for doing business is actually very essential (Dent, Higgins, & Wharff, 2005). Many people are going round looking for the actual meaning of their working life, looking for the leaders who can restore the much-needed trust, the ever needed confidence, optimism and the much-envied resilience. The society in the today’s world is in the constant need of innovative and sustained performance which is based on the much needed ethical values that usually go beyond the daily financial gains. The secret of leading the ever growing leading business organizations firmly lies in the slow development and some adoption and integration of authentic leaders who can actually give their employees the much needed guidance and together march on for a shared vision, and the authentic leaders who are competent enough

Britain is a sexist society Essay Example for Free

Britain is a sexist society Essay Sexism is prejudice or animosity towards gender, institutionally or personally. The term is most often used for women, but it is generally aimed for all genders. In the United Kingdom, in the past few years 72% of women claimed they got abused due to their workplaces. Compared to 67% in 2002, 72% of women said yes, when asked; if they had ever felt intimidated at work by a fellow employee. Even with these results, 81% of the women said that they would not report these cases to their managers because they would be shy or worried. In addition, they believe that being female harmed their chances of career progression (82%) in 2006, compared to 78% in 2002 because males are the dominant office culture. The main reasons that sexism takes place is because one gender will feel another gender is weaker and not as successful as another. They will feel as if they have not got the ability e. g: workplaces without giving them any chance to prove themselves. This is clearly a stubborn and an ignorant way to treat people. Sexism is certainly taking place in the UK and there are numerous ways, which denotes that sexism does manifest in this country, such as: making prejudice statements and using offensive terms. In addition there was someone paying you less because of gender, this would be sexism. If you make friends and talk to more people based on their personality, this will help fight sexism and also joining anti-sexist campaigns will help the community.

Brand Equity Case Study Nike Marketing Essay

Brand Equity Case Study Nike Marketing Essay The world constantly changes and disparities, however, some top brands seem to keep their leadership position in their industry to this day. Strong brands are amazingly durable and have the ultimate ability to overcome many challenges. Either does Nike. Since its creation in 1971 in the USA, the Nike swoosh is still one of the worlds most valuable brand despite of the severe crises. Ranked at 26 on the list of Interbrands Best Global Brands in 2009 with a brand value at $13.2 billion dollars, up 4% from a value of $12.7 billion last year, Nike is the best among sports brand, left the big competitors, Adidas and Puma far behind (Interbrand report, 2009). So how has Nike got ahead and stayed ahead? Figure 1: Swoosh = achievement. Source: www.nikefootball.com This article will be employed Elliott and Percys structural framework of brand equity synthesis to investigate in four dimensions of Nike brand equity, namely: brand attitude (functional and emotional features), symbolic meaning, brand awareness and brand loyalty to draw the deposit picture of Nike brand equity in the sportswear industry. About Nike In 1962, inspired by athlete aspiration, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight shook their hand to cofounded Blue Ribbon Sports, precursor of Nike. The initial business then was to distribute low-cost and high quality Japanese athletic shoes to American. Today, Nike not only designs and sells athletic shoes at every profitable market worldwide, but also operates in athletic apparel, sport equipment and subsidiary venture including Cole Haan, Converse Inc., Hurley International LLC, Nike Golf and Umbro Ltd (Nike report, 2009). Headquartered at Oregon, United States, Nike has been presented across more than 160 countries around the world targeting its primary market regions: United States, Europe, Asia Pacific and the Americas. Nike employs about 32,500 people as of May 31, 2008 (Datamonitor Research, 2009). By indirect or direct way, Nike touches the lives of millions more with its innovative products that transform every sport into a winning battle (Superbrands, 2002). Nike customers The decade ago, Bill Bowerman, the co-founder of Nike once said If you have a body, you are an athlete (Nike company overview, 2010). This motto transmitted not only the whole brand characteristics but also the main targeted customers. They are athletes and anyone with a body. Nike offers a wide product portfolio of sport-inspired lifestyle apparel, accessories and equipment. Nike provides athletic footwear for runners, trainers and basketball players. The company also offers shoes and equipments specially designed for those addicted tennis and golf players and etcetera. Such diverse product extensions enable the company to satisfy the varied athletic needs of its customers (Datomonitor Research, 2009) Nike and its rivals Sportswear has been a thriving market in recent years. According to the research Global footwear: Industry profile releasing by Datomonitor in 2009, the global footwear market generated total revenues of $ 196,617 million in 2008. Thus, Nike has experienced intense competition from the moment its first sporting shoes being introduced to their customers. Globally, this market is dominated by the big three namely Nike, Adidas, and Puma (Sport+Markt Report, 2008; Keynote Report, 2010). Adidas Adidas was truly the first sports company, it was founded in 1920. They once really blew in the decade of 70s and 80s. By the early 90s, Adidas realized itself forgotten in the back of game. In the 21st century, the brand has steadily affirmed its position and seems on renaissance. Adidas brand increased its value at 6%, ranked 62th on the list of Best Global Brands 2009 and continued to take the second largest sporting goods manufactures behind Nike (Interbrand, 2009) The overall Adidas brand competes straightly and closely with Nikes value proposition. Nike aims To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world, meanwhile, Adidas mission is Improving every athletes performance through innovation. The brand values of Adidas have been claimed that authenticity, inspiration, honesty and commitment are derived from sport. (Datamonitor research, 2009) Puma Figure 1: the leaping puma symbolizes the combination of speed, power and elegance exhibited by professional athletes Placed at 97th, Puma brand appeared at the first time on the Interbrand annual report. Interbrand analysts gave the positive compliments for Pumas effort to compete against the big rivals. Through new design, co-branding and partnerships with celebrities and famous designers such as Alexander McQueen and Hussein Chalayan, Puma refreshes their brand image. The company defines its brand as the mixes of sport, lifestyle and fashion to increase its desirability (Puma report, 2009). The Puma brand differentiates itself from Nike by communicating lifestyle driven style with active lifestyle themes whereas Nike focusing on performance driven style. Nike brand equity Having and holding customers is likely to be a competitive battle which each brand tries all efforts to win. They compete for functional attributes, distinctive services or innovative technologies (Aaker, 1991). So what are emotional and functional benefits which Nike provides for their customers? Functional and emotional features of the brand Since Nike was set up by someone who has a deep passion for athletics and running, it should come no surprise that product is important. Products that are comfortable, authentic, functionally innovative and uniquely designed (Nike report, 1985). The innovative technology is considered as one of the defining dimensions of Nikes brand identity and corporate culture. The simple driving concept has led to some impressive innovations which is considered as one of the defining dimensions of Nikes brand identity and corporate culture. The first highlight was Air cushioning, using pressurized gas to cushion impact and new materials such as Urathane, that was used first with the Air Max running shoes (Nike report, 1987). More recently, to obtain maximum performance, Nike Sport Research laboratory has discovered the innovative technology such as Shox, which are made mostly of rubber and spring back adding more power to a runners stride and Total 90 Concept, a range of equipment to help players perform over 90 minutes of a soccer match (Keller, 2008) Such innovative technology which Nike has used has gained the strong hold in consumers perceptions. The research of Ross and Harradine (2004) focusing on relationship between young school children and branding, particularly sportswear shoes brands showed that children aged from 4 7 years old believed that these brands could improve their personal performance. They do very fast shoes. They make you run faster. They are also comfortable and look good, they added. Clearly, functional benefit is the fundamental and classical features to communicate with customers. However, if Nike just provided high quality running shoes to enhance athletic performance, Nike would not be strong brands. According to Aakers (1991), big brands need to be beyond the purely functional relationships. They should create a more strong emotional attachment with core consumers because emotional bene ­fits add richness and depth to the brand and the experience of owning and using the brand (Aakers, 2009) Figure 2: Nike Commitment to win Source: Nikefootball.comGuinn et al (p219, 2008) stated that Nike offers emotional benefits which are the exhilaration of athletic performance excellence; feeling engaged, active, and healthy; exhilaration from admiring professional and college athletes as they perform wearing your brand when they win, you win too. Associated brand with the top athletes, Nike tells story of brands which the main themes is sportsmanship and unrelenting effort. These are the story of Michael Jordan who won a record 10th scoring title and was selected as one of the 50 Greatest Players (NBA history, 2010) in Americans National basketball association championship. Lance Armstrong survived and won a second straight Tour de France while Tiger Woods completed the career Grand Slam, ensuring his place in golf history at the age where most of us are still wondering what we will do when we grow up (Nike report, 2000). The most three prominent athletes has generated the inspiration for young and next generation of athletes. Nike has succeeded to transfer their inspirations to every single purchaser. Wearing every pair of Nike shoes is to engage a passion for excellence and encourage to do your own thing. Just do it the tagline could sum up all the greatest values of brand which is (Superbrands case study, 2002). Symbolic meaning Products are no longer just products, they move beyond the functional meanings. Nowadays, they are definitely social tools serving as a means of communication between the individual and his significant references (Grubb and Grathwohl, 1967 as cited by Banister and Hogg, 2003). Products are considered as a symbol of individuality and uniqueness, and also symbol of affiliation and social identification. It is particularly trued with the fashion brands. Fashion brands such as clothes, bags, shoes and etc satisfy opposing functions, both social identification and distinction among individuals (Banister Hogg, 2003) Nike must have understood the recipe well. The Just do It campaign in the early 1990s would be a perfect example. Losing ground to archrival Reebok which was quick initiative on designing style, fashion aerobics shoes in 1980s (Keller, 2008), Nike responded dramatically and forcefully by launching the Just do it campaign which was mainly focused on person wearing on products instead of product itself. Purchasing an athlete-endorsed product is one means of symbolically and publicly demonstrating aspirations to be a part of the group and such behaviors are directly influenced by the extent to which a fan identifies with an athlete endorser Carlson and Donavan (2008)Heroes and hero worship was being built as the main themes of advertising. Celebrity endorsements such as Bo Jackson, John McEnroe and Michael Jordon appealed to the consumers sense of belonging and hipness. In other words, Americans consumers were convinced that wearing for every part of your life was smart (the shoes are designed for comfort) and hip (everyone else is wearing them; you too can belong to this group) (CFAR, 1998). Just Do It campaign succeeded (Nike increased its share of the domestic sport shoe business after launching this campaign in America from 18 percent to 43 percent, regained the leader position) because it could fascinate customers in both separating ways. Wearing Nike as a self fulfilling image declaration if you are hip, you are probably wearing Nike. But perhaps most importantly, it could create the desirable needs -if you want to be hip, wear Nike (CFAR, 1998). Symbolic meanings of Nike brand are also tracked in the research on Symbolic and functional positioning of brands of Bhat and Reddy (1998). This study showed that Nike scored high on the prestige and personality expression scales (See Appendix). The findings of Hogg et al (1998) also support the success of attached the symbolic and emblematic meanings to sportswear brands. The youth showed facility in interpreting the symbolic meanings attached to the sports brands which were associated with the different sports stars (such as footballers, rugby players, athletes and tennis players) and with different sports (e.g. football and rugby.) Brand Loyalty Luring by good shoe with innovative functionality and athletic aspiration value, Nike has indeed come to mind and heart of its customers. By the mid of 1990s, 77 percent of male Americans from the age of 18 to 25 chose Nike as their favourite shoe, according to Rozanski et al (1999). The figure still remains stably despite of that up and down year Nike has been experience, gaining the high score of customer satisfaction at 79 percent rated by The American Customer Satisfaction Index Organization (2009). Figure: 3NIKE The American Customer Satisfaction Index Base- line 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 Previous Year % Change First Year % Change All Others NM 73 76 79 79 78 81 81 83 79 81 83 82 83 1.2 13.7 Athletic Shoes 79 74 74 76 79 76 79 79 82 77 76 79 79 80 1.3 1.3 NIKE 82 74 73 73 78 74 76 76 78 75 72 75 78 79 1.3 -3.7 adidas 75 74 74 75 78 73 76 74 77 75 78 77 78 78 0.0 4.0 Source: American customer satisfaction index organization, 2010 It could be said that loyalty to the Nike brand is driven by many external and internal factors such as brands subjective and objective characteristics and loyalty building programs. One visible example of creating innovative method to capture the strong relationships with Nike users is that creating Joga.com, a social network site for foot ball fans. Launching quietly in the early 2006, the site became an instant hit, peaking at 7.5 million viewers when Nike showed Ronaldinho video clips, according to Nike (2006). More than 1 million members from 140 countries signed up by mid July. In this site, fans can create their personal blogs, build communities around favorite teams or players, download video and organize pickup games. By enrolling consumers in building and shaping the content of the website, Nike pulled their loyal customers closer, nurtured deeper bonds of loyalty and advocacy. (Kotler and Amstrong, 2007) Brand Awareness Brand awareness is the first and crucial stage of consumers preference. It refers to the strength of a brands presence in the consumers mind (Aakers, 1996). Nike has been successful in building awareness. The Swoosh symbol has been appeared everywhere, on shoes, hats, billboards and soccer balls across the globe too remarkably to such extent that one author used the title The Swooshification of the World on Sports Illustrated column that imaged a future in which the swoosh could surpass sports to become a letter of the alphabet and the new presidential seal, among other things(Keller, 2008). True be told, the recognition of the swoosh is extremely high. According to Keller (2008), as of 2000, 97 percent of American citizens recognized the brand logo, as the strong brand penetration. The studying of Arona and Stoner (2009) on understanding brand personality also assists this fact. The findings indicated that Nike was perceived as a dominant force or authority in the market place, reaching at nearly 90 percent (Figure below) Figure 4: The difference between Nike and Adidas. Source: Arora, R. and Stoner, C. (2009) a mixed method approach to understanding brand personality, Journal of product and Brand management, 18(4), 272-283. The results of Ross and Harradines research (2004) on brand recognition and awareness on children is also supportive, which showed that Nike could be recognized consistently without identification of brand name, even by the youngest group (aged from 4 to 6 years old). This perhaps may reflect the general level of advertising and promotion that children are exposed to. How has Nike done to build brand awareness? Sponsorships, advertising and experience focused retailing (Nike town) are three vivid channels that Nike has applied to enhance its brand image and awareness. Among these strategies, athlete endorsements could be considered as the most significant success of Nike brand. Nike has been invested millions of dollars to associate their brand names with easily recognizable athletes with the aim of brand image building (1.6 billion dollars is spent on multiyear athlete endorsement by Nike according to Horrow (2007). Athletes at the top of their respective sport such as Micheal Jordan, Tiger Woods, and Lance Armstrong who are well liked and respected by members of the brands target audience are chosen as endorsers to associate the Nike brand with the athletes celebrity image. This strategy has been paid off, for example, since Tiger Woods and Nike cooperated, annual sales for Nike Golf have exceeded to nearly $500 million dollars with an estimated 24 percent growth per year in the first five years of the agreement (Pike, 2006 cited by Carlson and Donavan, 2008). Conclusion Since the Nike name is chosen in 1971 with the concepts of victory, success and speed, Nike has been keeping its great speed in the fierce competitive environment. Building brand image and its associations around a famous person and conducting the two way conversation with power consumers through innovative digital channels, Nike has hold the strong presence in the heart of consumers. REFERENCE Aaker, D., 1996. Building strong brands. New York: The Free Press Aaker, David A., 1991. Managing Brand Equity. New York: The Free Press Elliot, R. and Percy, L., 2007, Strategic brand management, Oxford: Oxford University Press Guinn, T., 2008. Advertising and Integrated brand promotion. South Western: South Western Educational Publishing. Keller, K., 2008. Best practice cases in branding: lessons from the worlds strongest brands. 3rd Ed. NJ : Pearson/Prentice-Hall. Kotler, P., and Armstrong, G., 2007. Marketing: an introduction. 8th Ed. N.J. : Pearson Prentice Hall Aaker, D. (2009) Beyond functional benefits, Marketing news, 30, 23-24. Arora, R. and Stoner, C. (2009) a mixed method approach to understanding brand personality, Journal of product and Brand management, 18(4), 272-283. Banister, E., and Hogg, M. (2003) Negative symbolic consumption and consumers drive for self-esteem, the case of the fashion industry, European Journal of Marketing, 38(7),850-868. Carlson, B., and Donavan, T. (2008) Concerning the Effect of Athlete Endorsements on Brand and Team-Related Intentions, Sport Marketing Quarterly, 17 (3), 154-162. Court, D. et al. (1997) If Nike can just do it, why cant we, The McKinsey quarterly, 3, 24-34. Hogg, M., Bruce, M. and Hill, A. (1998) Fashion brand preferences among young consumers, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 26 (8), 293-300. Ross, J. and Harradine, R. (2004) Im not wearing that! Branding and young children, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 8(1),11-26. Ross, J., and Harradine, R. (2004) Im not wearing that! Branding and young children, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 8 (1),11-26. Rozanski, H., Baum, A., and Wolfsen, B. (1999) Brand Zealots: realizing the full value of emotional brand loyalty, Strategy and Business Fourth Quarter ,19, [Online] Available at http://www.strategy-business.com/article/13741?gko=31937 The American Customer Satisfaction Index, Score by company NIKE, [Online] Available at: http://www.theacsi.org/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=149Itemid=157c=NIKE (accessed 20/05/2010). Brandrepublic (2002) Superbrands Case Studies Nike, [Online] Available from:http://www.brandrepublic.com/news/148384/superbrands-case-studies-nike/(accessed 22/04/2010) Center for Applied Research CFAR (1998) Mini case study Nike -Just do it advertising campaign, [Online] Available from: http://www.cfar.com/Documents/nikecmp.pdf(accessed 20/05/2010) Datamonitor research (2009), Nike, Inc. Company profile, [Online] Available from: http://www.datamonitor.com/store/Product/nike_inc?productid=8E563969-FC1C-4D3A-8EEE-F9D79F81F0C3 (accessed 14/04/2010) Datamonitor research (2009), Global footwear industry profile, [Online] Available from: http:www. datamonitor.com (accessed 14/04/2010) Horrow, R. (2007), A countdown of 10 top sports and entertainment business issues, [Online] Available from http://community.foxsports.com/blogs/TheSportsProfessor (accessed 22/05/2010) Interbrands annual report (2009), Best global brands, , [Online] Available from: http://www.interbrand.com/best_global_brands.aspx?year=2008langid=1000 (accessed 14/04/2010) Keynote Report (2010), Clothing, Personal Goods Home Goods 2010, [Online] Available from: www.keynote.com (accessed 18/05/2010) National basketball championship, NBA Encyclopedia playoff edition, [Online] Available from: http://www.nba.com/history/players/jordan_bio.html (accessed 22/05/2010) Nike (2010), Company overview, [Online] Available from: http://www.nikebiz.com/company_overview/ (accessed 12/04/2010) Nike report (2000), Nike annual Report 2000, [Online] Available from: http://invest.nike.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=100529p=irol-reportsOther (accessed 16/05/2010) Puma (2009) About company, [Online] Available from: http://www.puma.com/about (accessed 12/04/2010) Sport+Markt Report (2008), Jersey Report 2008/2009 , [Online] Available from: http://www.sportundmarkt.de/en/reports/list/jersey-report-200809.html (accessed 18/05/2010) Superbrands (2002) Nike Company, [Online] Available from: http://uae.superbrandsmena.com/images/spreads/NIKE%204-4.pdf (accessed 22/04/2010)

The Role And Teachings Of The Dalai Lama Philosophy Essay

The Role And Teachings Of The Dalai Lama Philosophy Essay It is up to each of us to make the best use of our time to help create a happier world1. The mark of the 21st century embraced upon a civilization corrupted with greed for power. It originated a society that talks, walks, and breathes desire for power, and to achieve this desire it will go to any cost. It does not care how many innocent people die or how many people become homeless, all it cares about is being on top and surviving. Violence is in every corner, in every street, in every block, and pretty much in every country. To live, people are willing to kill their neighbours, more or less their own blood. Violence has engulfed all of what is in existence today. It has become a source of power, a source of desire, mankinds aspiration. Although, majority of mankind may be corrupted, there still lie those who believe and have faith in amity. A belief that one day this hunger for power will lie behind us and the future will dictate peace and uphold a place of altruism (unselfishness). Amongst these believers of hope is His Holiness, Tenzin Gyatso. Tenzin Gyatso is one who seeks to find peace even in the darkest of days. Tenzin Gyatso is the 14th Dalai Lama and a symbol for future hope for both Buddhism and his nation, Tibet. He is recognized as the reincarnation of Avalokiteshvara, a Buddha who has chosen to be reborn in order to enlighten others. The Dalai Lama embraces a genuine model of life: a model through reason and selflessness and not through force; a model which is neither harmful not hostile to humanity. The Dalai Lama governs without resorting to any means of punishment: he wields weapons against no one, ruling honourably and serenely with no hatred. The Dalai Lama preaches to cultivate compassions, and metta (kindness) for all beings. An in depth analysis of the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, and his philosophies illustrate the through non violence one can achieve inner peace. Tenzin Gyatso, more formally recognized as the Dalai Lama, is the religious Buddhist leader of the country Tibet. He is the 14th manifestation of the Bodhisattva of compassion, Avalokiteshvara. To Tibetans, this Dalai Lama is known by his title, Dalai meaning ocean, and Klein, Leslie. Sprituality in a Materialistic World. AuthorHouse, 2008. Lama meaning Wisdom2. To himself, he is Tenzin Gyatso, a simple Buddhist monk- no more no less3. His holiness was born on July 6th 1935 in a small village Takster to a peasant farm family of sixteen. Takster is a village in the eastern Tibet province Amdo. At the age of 2, Tenzin Gyatso was identified as the reincarnation of his precursor, the 13th dalai Lama, becoming the 14th in line of the Dalai Lamas. Born as Lhamo Dhondrub, he was renamed rJe btsun jam dpal ngag dbang blo bzang ye shes bstan dzin rgya mtsho srid gsum dbang bsgyur mtshungs pa med paI sde bzang po4. The tulkus (reincarnated lamas) coronation ceremony occurred on February 22, 1940 in Tibets capital, Lhasa. His education began at the age of six. At the age of 15, on 17 November 1950, he was crowned the title of Dalai Lama, becoming Tibets most important spiritual and political leader. At the age of 24, he was evaluated at the monastic universities of Drepung, Sera and Ganden. In Monlam Festival Prayer, Tenzin Gyatso took his final assessment at Jokhang where he was examined on the 3 subjects: logic, Middle Path, and the canon of monastic discipline. At the age of 25 he finished the Geshe Lharampa Degree, the Doctorate of Buddhist Philosophy. In 1989, the Dalai Lama received the Noble peace prize2. To understand Dalai Lamas preaching of non violence, first one must comprehend non- violence. Non-violence is one of the highest virtues that should be accepted by everyone, no matter if they plead to Buddhism or not. Non-violence means to refrain from vicious actions. One should not kill another living being. One should not hurt another living being. One should not pain another living being. One should not ahimsa (harm) another being. This is non-violence. According to the Dalai Lama, violence is not the key, it is not the answer to anything. 2 Mullin, Glenn H., and Valerie M. Shepherd. The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: a Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation. Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light, 2001 3 Mehrotra, Rajiv. In My Own Words: an Introduction to My Teachings and Philosophy. Carlsbad, CA: Hay House, 2008. 4 Mehrotra, Rajiv. Understanding the Dalai Lama. Carlsbad, CA: Hay House, 2008. We have two options. First, nonviolence. Second, violence- thats suicide. We have to live with the Chinese side by side. It is very essential to carry this movement of nonviolence, so that later, we can live happily. If we adopt violence on the Chinese, then Tibetans will also suffer. Some positive outcome- quite a few Chinese became sympathetic of Tibetan people. They came to me expressed themselves. Nonviolence is the best method5. Violence cannot be overcome by more violence. By responding to violence, the result will be catastrophic. On the contrary, by avoiding violence one can only hope to diminish others violence. A great example of this is the homeland of the Dalai Lama, Tibet. In 1950, the genocide of Tibet began with the Chinese army of the Peoples Republic. In 1951, the Chinese government tried to take rule over Tibet from the Dalai Lama through the seventeen-point agreement. In 1959, there was an uprising against the Chinese military; when that failed the Dalai Lama was force to flee to India. In 1959, his Holiness refuted in Dharamsala, North India where he established a government-in-exile2. The Chinese captured and imprisoned naive citizens and protestors, devastating the Tibetan culture. The Dalai Lama did not refute to foul words, he did not speak ill of the Chinese. Instead of fighting back, the Dalai Lama preaches that one should meditate and reflect on what they might have done on their previo us life that they are being tormented now. He helps people understand that if one responses by causing suffering amongst another, they are not contributing to a unity in their internal world nor to the external world. The lives they live are meaningless if it does not contribute to anything. By causing suffering they cause themselves more suffering, for in their next birth they will reborn into a worse life. The life one lives is based on the karma, action, of one in the previous life. Thus, rather than devoting oneself to harm the Dalai Lama preaches Tibetans to abstain from armed struggle and accumulate good karma to achieve inner peace. If everyone adopts and learns the morals of inner peace, no longer will there be people in this world who will cause ahimsa. No longer will there be violence. As a well-known spiritual leader and political ruler, the Dalai Lamas first and foremost 5 McLennan, Scotty. The Heart of Nonviolence: A Conversation with the Dalai Lama. WisdomPortal.com. Web. 1 Aug. 2010.. obligation is to protect his people and nation. The Dalai Lama has never ceased his people from using violence just because of Buddhist morals, but because, nonviolence is for us the only way. Quite patently, in our case violence would be tantamount to suicide 6. Some might think that by not fighting he brings upon torture to his people, but the initial purpose behind the Dalai Lama is to help his people to learn and to develop. By not fighting back he tries to show people that good does not come through war and bloodshed, by refusing to fight in the long run we secure a better future. Right now we must suffer, but the seeds to our suffering will grow a clean planet. The Dalai Lama is an idol to humanity, an advocator of non-violence. Thos who do afflict harm, the enemies, are just a test of time. With time and patience, as one accumulates good karma, the birth of amity will take place, and violence will vanquish. The enemy teaches you inner strength. Your mind by nature is very soft, but when you have troubles, your mind gets strong 7. Enemies are the test of time, for when one is surrounded by enemies one has to make important judgements. These judgements define the inne r self. If one is able to refrain from violence and overcome satanic thoughts and stay on the right path, one can achieve inner peace. Thus, through the process of non violence one achieves inner peace. When one is at inner peace with themselves in times of battle they make correct decisions and refuse to fight, ultimately causing outer peace. The Dalai Lamas believes nonviolence is connected with the free understanding of individuals. The free understanding of individuals is ultimately a path leading to mental amity. Thus, non violence originates inner peace. His Holiness, the14th Dalai Lama, believes to embark inner peace one must develop metta, (love, kindness and compassion)7. When we are non-violent and refuse to fight we attain metta in our hearts. When there is violence there is anger, hatred, 6 Bstan-Ê ¼dzin-rgya-mtsho, and SÃÅ' aÃÅ'„ntideva. A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night: a Guide to the Bodhisattvas Way of Life. Boston: Shambhala, 1994. 7 Piburn, Sidney. The Dalai Lama, a Policy of Kindness: an Anthology of Writings by and about the Dalai Lama. Ithaca, N.Y., USA: Snow Lion Publications, 1990. and attachment, but when there is no violence one is calm, and serene. With the origins of violence comes desire and greed, eventually leading to mental unrest. When we are kind and compassionate to others it makes others feel loved, and it helps us develop inner happiness. In one of his interviews, the Dalai Lama states: If you give way to anger, hatred, you get lost. No sensible human being wants to loose himself or herself. Hope and determination will bring upon a brighter future So in order to develop human determination you need hope. And to develop hope you need compassion, love. Love and compassion are the basis of hope and determination8. If one gives into anger and hatred they give in to inner strife. If one refuses to fury and forbids him or herself from fighting they develop love and compassion to bring upon a better future. One must first develop compassion and love towards others, and then will they receive love and compassion back. One must realize that nothing good comes without suffering. Rather than making others suffer, rather than raising weapons, one should be hopeful and determined. Good karma leads to a good life. When one develops compassion and love one achieves inner peace. Without inner peace we remain longing for desire. The Dalai Lama believes that if everyone achieves calmness, compassion, and love for others eventually one day there would not be a single person left that will cause brutality upon another. When everyone has achieved this state of happiness no longer will there be armed conflict, poverty, destruction, and prejudice. The Dalai Lama is a role model of non-violence, and believes inner peace can only be achieved through non violence. The Chinese have put Dalai Lama and his people through a lot of agony, yet he still prays for their wellness. He believes that rather than drawing upon weapons, if he holds back he will attain peace with the Chinese. That one day they will see that violence only leads to deaths; through non-violence they can reach a compromise. Tibetans refuse to fight, they decided to listen to his Holiness, and abstain from harming (ahimsa) another being. Through non-violence and compassion inner happiness and peace will develop, and likewise, through 8 Bstan-Ê ¼dzin-rgya-mtsho, and SÃÅ' aÃÅ'„ntideva. For the Benefit of All Beings: a Commentary on The Way of the Bodhisattva. Boston: Shambhala, 2009 inner peace outer peace will develop. Without inner peace one will always remain worried, disturbed or unhappy. The Dalai Lamas preachings about non-violence and metta to achieve inner peace is Tibetans hope and determination for the resolution of the Chinese Genocide. In his Dentsik Monlam prayer the Dalai Lama articulates: the violent oppressors are also worthy of compassion/ Crazed by demonic emotions, they do vicious deeds/ that bring total defeat to themselves as well as to others9. This prayer was written by the Dalai Lama when he was extremely ill and all around him was bloodshed caused by the Chinese Military. The Dalai Lama wanted his people to realize that liberation can only be achieved non-violently via altruism (unselfishness) and metta (kindness). Altruism and metta can only be achieved via non-violently. Thus through the non violent approach one achieves peace of mind. The Chinese Military will stop if the Tibetans do not respond. Violence can only grow when you nurtur e to it, by not giving it violence you forbid it from growing. According to his Holiness, the spirit of non-violence is the basis for achieving inner peace. But why should one achieve inner peace? To achieve inner peace is a step to achieving liberation. The first of the 5 Buddhist precepts is the vow to refrain from killing. That one should neither hurt nor harm (ahimsa) another being, but rather practise compassion and kindness (metta) towards them. To reach the ultimate goal of Buddhist path, Nirvana, and break through samsara, the cycle of life, one must be peaceful. To achieve enlightenment and to see things for what they really are, panna, one must reach tranquility of the mind. This calmness of the mind can only be achieved through meditation, and inner peace, not violence. The actions we take affect everyone around us, not just us, so how can you believe to be liberated when you bring harm upon others. Thus, in order to achieve inner peace and deliberate ourselves from suffering, we need to focus on others, and refrain from violent actio ns. 9 Bstan-Ê ¼dzin-rgya-mtsho, Dupchok Gyaltsen. Rabjampa, and Peter Gold. Words of Truth: a Prayer. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1993. We can never obtain peace in the world if we neglect the inner world and dont peace with ourselves. World peace must develop out of inner act As long as the weapons are left alone in storage they cannot do any harm. A human being must use them.7. Resolution through conflict does not guarantee a solution every time. Outer disbarment comes from inner disarmament. The only true guarantee of peace lies within ourselves6. In a time of conflict, we become attached to our views and forget that everything is impermanent. Our thoughts become too clouded, and we become too ignorant. When one is no longer ignorant one achieves bodhi, total awakening. Any being who understands inner peace, and subsides in a non violent conduct is evidentially contributing to the universal peace of all beings and the exile of violence. 2.com/title/Non-violenceNon-violence means 2.com/title/co-operationco-operation where it is possible, and 2.com/title/resistanceresistance where it is not10. Through Non violence one is able to control their emotions and stay happy. Through non-violence one is able to love, be compassionate and be metta towards others, as well as live in unity with humanity. Ultimately altruism, self consciousness, and amity through equal justice and fair-play lead to non-violence. Non-violence helps one acknowledge their internal awareness pertaining to greed, desire and hatred, and their outer awareness pertaining to how their internal awareness will affect the world. This awareness is ones inner peace. His Holiness, Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama has become a worldwide symbol for peace, a teacher of non violence, an inspiratio n for billions. According to the Dalai Lama the first inner awareness is that suffering exists and the way to liberate from it is through hope and compassion, not violence. Through non violence we attain inner peace, through violence we attain inner discord. Hence, the 14th Dalai Lama raises no weapons, faces no wars, and preaches for non violence to achieve inner peace, for hatred never ceases through hatred in this world; through non violence it comes to an end10. 10 Sulak, Sivaraksa. Seeds of Peace: a Buddhist Vision for Renewing Society. Berkeley, CA: Parallax, 1992.

Should Surrogate Motherhood be Allowed? Essay -- essays research paper

Surrogate Motherhood is when one women carries to term the fertilized egg of another woman. This procedure is chosen by married couples who can not conceive a child in the â€Å"natural way†. In some occasions the mother may be able to produce an egg, but has no womb or some other physical problem which prevents her from carrying a child. Whether or not the husband can produce a large amount of sperm is not a problem. Once the egg and sperm are combined in a petri dish fertilization is very likely to occur. The couple will then choose a surrogate mother and make an agreement in which she will carry the baby and release it to the genetic parents after the birth. There are four different kinds of surrogacy arrangements. Total Surrogacy is when the woman bears a child that has been formed from the gametes of another woman and man and implanted in her body. Partial Surrogacy occurs when the birth mother contributes the ovum and the sperm is introduced by artificial insemination. She is a biological parent of the child. Commercial Surrogacy means a business-like transaction where a fee is charged for the incubation period. Lastly, there is a Non-Commercial Surrogacy in which there is no formal contract or any payment to the birth mother. It is usually an arrangement between close friends or family members.(1-10) There is no federal policy on the issue of surrogacy, all fifty states have been left to decide theses issues themselves and create their own policies. The majority of the states have not yet legislated on this subject. Those states that have taken positions differ greatly from one another, such as California and Virginia, who have taken opposing viewpoints California is the state that is the most sympathetic to the genetic parents. Under California law surrogacy agreements are enforceable and the genetic parents are given all legal parental rights to the child. In Virginia, all legal parental rights to the child are given to the surrogate mother. Who is the legal mother? In the case of Johnson v. Calvert, in Virginia, the surrogate mother was found to be the legal mother of the child. If this case would have taken place in California, the biological mother is the legal mother. So it really depends on which state the act of surrogacy is taking place to name the legal mother. Are contracts for surrogate motherhood enforceable under American law? Again, i... ... both expert medical and psychological evaluations. Another major question that arises is whether or not the commissioning parents have the right to tell surrogate mother how to live? Can the couple ban smoking, control alcohol, and other substance intake? These issues need to be taken into mind before choosing a surrogate mother and needs to be stated in the contract.(1-2) In conclusion, surrogate motherhood raises many legal and ethical dilemmas, especially that of who the legal mother is. Surrogate motherhood dramatically alters society norms and creates many different legal viewpoints. But no matter which legal body is dealing with this issue, they all face the same moral and ethical dilemma: that a child born out of surrogacy has a bond with both the genetic mother and the surrogate mother. The bond between these two women and this child is permanent and cannot be changed by law. The law can only govern which woman has the legal right to raise the child. Works Cited Centre Points, Volume 1, No. 1, Article #2, Surrogate Motherhood and its Human Costs, Suzanne Rozell Scorsone, Ph.D. ;1-2 Johnson v. Calvert, 5 Cal. 4th 84, 851p.2d 776, 19 Cal. Rptr. 2d 494 (1993); 1-10

Healing into Wholeness: Individuals Transformed into a Collective Heroi

Healing into Wholeness: Individuals Transformed into a Collective Heroic Being in Derek Walcott's Omeros "No man is an Island, entire of himself; every man is a piece of the Continent, a part of the Main." Individual heroic deeds and characteristics are the seeds upon which a culture's values are based and these define a culture while also defining each individual's identity. Ancient and modern epics define heroic behavior through mostly male heroic figures, but female characters share an equally important role in defining a culture's identity and values. Equally so, a culture or race can be collectively conceived of as a whole or as the sum of its parts. While characteristics such as honor, honesty, courage, pride, respect, and integrity can be, and certainly are, relevant to both sexes, these positive characteristics and negative ones such as dishonesty, lack of courage, egotism, disrespect, and betrayal are often represented by and identified with separate characters, but can function within a whole culture to render the culture weak, sickly or out of balance. In Derek Walcott's epic Omeros, the island of St. Lucia and its inhabitants are healed both individually and collectively as Walcott dares to redefine heroic behavior as a psychological transformation toward wholeness. Ancient and modern epics follow a very Western tradition by defining heroism as the accomplishments of individual heroes to further the good of the whole, which means some must lose if the hero or heroes are to win. In The Iliad, Achilles comes to his senses and leads his troops to defeat the Trojans. In The Odyssey, Odysseus returns to Ithaca after his long journey and restores order by defeating the suitors. In The Aeneid, Aeneas succeeds in foun... ...long-waiting now advancing,Yes here comes my mistress the soul. (Denby 463) St. Lucia, Achille, Helen, Philoctete, Plunkett, Ma Kilman, Maud, the narrator and we. the readers, gain our souls and become a part of the whole of humankind. WORKS CITED Denby, Derek. Great Books: My Adventures with Homer, Rousseau, Woolf, and Other Indestructible Writers of the Western World. Simon and Shuster: New York. 1996. Feal, Elsa Luciano. "Helen: History that Heals in Omeros." Queen: a journal of rhetoric and power 3.1. 1-10. Online article. <http://www.ars-rhetorica.net/Queen/Volume 3 1/Articles/Luciano.html> McClure, Charlotte S. "Helen of the 'West Indies': History or Poetry of a Caribbean Realm." Studies in the Literary Imagination 26 (1993) 1-11 <http://weblinks1.epnet.com/>. Walcott, Derek. Omeros. Farrar, Straus and Giroux: New York. 1990. 3-325.

Tv And Violence :: essays research papers

Violence on Television We hear a great deal about violence on television these days. Nearly everywhere you turn there is something being written about it, or a program dealing with the issue of it, or a news story about a child somewhere who was influenced by it to do something harmful. The subject permeates our collective consciousness. Maybe this is due to the ever-increasing number of gangs in our urban centers. Maybe it's due to the ever-increasing crime rate that we hear about almost nightly on the news. Whatever the reasons behind its being such a concern, the fact remains that violence on television is a very real problem that is quite definitely a contributing factor to increasing violence among children and, yes, even among adults. Cartoon violence has been around as long as cartoons have - and that's a long time. The first animated Disney cartoons featured a rabbit named Oswald back in 1928 and the cartoon industry grew from there. So for seventy years now we've been treated to the antics of various characters, either through the opening Looney Tunes at the movies or the five hours of Saturday morning cartoons that were a ritual with us all growing up. There was Tweety Bird always getting the best of Sylvester the Cat, Bugs Bunny always outsmarting Elmer Fudd and Daffy Duck, Foghorn Leghorn constantly getting bruised by the awkward antics of his little chicks, Yosemite Sam getting his head blown off at least once a week and of course, the memorable Wyle E. Coyote who never, in all his forty-odd years of pursuing the Roadrunner ever bought anything from the Acme Co. that ever worked right (Siano, 20). They were truly funny and, in some respects, cathartic for us and it is this writer's opinion that cartoon violence is quite probably the least of our worries as far as what is corrupting the minds of our children today. We grew up on it and there is not one single documented case of a violent criminal who ever claimed that he ended up the way he did because he ingested a steady diet of Roadrunner episodes. Let's get serious. Most of these violent criminal types weren't home with the family watching Saturday morning cartoons when they grew up. They were out tying cats' tails together and throwing them over somebody's clothesline so they could watch them kill each other. Or they were torturing the neighbor's new puppy while Mom was at work, Dad was non-existent, and all 3 or 4 or 5 kids were left to raise themselves. Or they were busy learning violence first-hand from their alcoholic father whose chief mission in life seemed to be

Communication and conflict Essay

Communication is important, as it is the medium of conveying message, forming the first interface in method of conflict resolution. Communication is almost always within the context of culture, and culture determines the significance of words as well as gestures and non-verbal expressions, affording people with choices of high context or low context communication, depending upon their cultural maturity and ability to handle multi-culturalism and accommodate a range of opinions and ideas other than those familiar to them (Grosse, 2002). During the initial phase of cultural familiarity, communication takes place at low context, meaning that people rely more on direct verbal communication, which is more or less literal in nature. As the cultural relationship progresses, communication interaction moves ahead on continuum to become high context, and it becomes more interpersonal and contextual, minimizing chances of misunderstanding and confusion. However, in cases where the entire cultural paradigms are set in low context or high context communication patterns, cultural crossover becomes a difficult barrier for all the involved parties. Effective cross cultural communication is centered upon knowledge, empathy and intercultural sensitivity (ibid). The correct approach in such cases is be flexible, adaptable and receptive to all views, no matter how contrary or incongruous they appear. A successful cross cultural communication situation demands coming over these contradictions and differences in opinion to form a harmonious vision. A positive and patient listening attitude is also valuable as it allows people to fathom emotions of others and makes them perceptible to alternate view points. Finally, the most important attribute in cross cultural communication is recognition that every culture is correct in its own context and each has to yield some ground to reach a harmonious consensus (ibid). Discussion on mediation and skills in conflict resolution Effective communication strategies are keys to resolve conflict by providing channels that provide expression of grievances and bring conflicting parties together. In the field of conflict management, communication strategies help through the channels of 1. Negotiation: Negotiation has emerged as an important form of conflict management within organizational and social setups. As such research in communication theory in conflict management has started to pay close attention to communication behaviors, types and strategies towards successful negotiation. Negotiation, as a part of managing conflict, requires interested parties to trade proposals for settlement that include, out of court settlements, business contracts, collective bargaining contract etc (Womack, 1990, 32). As Womack further elaborates, generally the process of negotiation proceeds through motives that are both competitive and cooperative. The approach of communication in the entire process of negotiation is concerned with the messages that are transferred among negotiators and the concerned parties. Communication intervenes in the process of negotiation through its both verbal and nonverbal forms and constitutes the entire base on which the goals and terms of the bargain are negotiated. Communication plays the central role in not only developing the relationship among the parties in conflict, but also in determining its direction. It is also central in every form of bargaining process, whether the bargaining is done for organizational form of conflict management, involves conflict resolution, negotiation on legal agreements or for negotiation in inter-group an intra group conflict. The entire role of communication in negotiation processes and strategies is quite vast and it ranges from defining the conflict issues, selection and implementation of strategies to presenting and defending the viable alternatives and finally helping in reaching on a solution (Womack, 1990, 35). 2. Third party intervention: Third party intervention in conflict situation is a tricky and challenging situation. It is considered as one of those areas that offers real test to the communication skills of the intervening person. Although mediation requires a neutral and third party to bring the disputants on the resolving chairs and solve the conflict, the mediator per se, has no authority and commanding power to force the parties into acquiescing to an agreement. At the best, the mediator can use persuasive and convincing dialogues through which the involved parties voluntarily agree to reach at accord through advises, admonishments, ideas, and views of the mediator and break into meaningful dialogue with each other (Burrel, 1990, 54). Its easy to see that this entire procedure requires very high level of communication skills on the part of the mediator to successfully negotiate agreement among the conflicting parties. According to Burrel, one of the important communication skills in third party intervention is the ability to collect as much information as possible on the cause, background, and nature of conflict as well as on all the parties and individuals that are involved in the conflict. Burrel informs that an effective communication strategy to gather information is question-asking within a variety of communication approaches, some for example being, employment interviews, initial interactions and parent-child discourses, although there has been insignificant research on role of particular types of questions in mediation itself. However, it is established beyond question that the questioning abilities of a third party mediator are very important in striking a collaborative approach to the entire process of conflict management.

Mydin Business Profile

Mydin Business Profile Mydin Mohamed Holdings Bhd is i of the largest and well-established Malayan-owned Companies involved in wholesaling and retailing. The federation was founded in 1940 and was based on Subang Jaya, Malaysia. The come with incorporated in 1957. Mydin currently operates 100 outlets comprehensive inclusive of 10 hypermarkets, 18 emporiums, 3 bazaars, 54 momenti markets (MyMydin), nine gubbins stores (MyMart) and six franchise outlets (Mydin Mart). The comp both started the scratch line operation in Kelantan and the company overly grapplen as the modest-priced and hawkish prices offered among the budget-conscious consumers.Mydin Target Market and Product lines The company supplying several patronage of goods to the inflict and diaphragm income groups and as well to the other wholesalers, retailers, subtile jitneyinesses, offices and schools. The main competitors of Mydin ar Cargonfour, Qiant and Tesco. Mydin station to a eagle-eyeder extent on Muslim market and their target market is as halal-wide as their range of products. It offers viands and beverage, app arl, accessories, ho delectationhold goods, fittings and furnishings, electronics, childrens toys and so far exercises equipment, stationeries, daily and dairy products, toiletries and Muslim goods. at that place be a variety of accessories to put on for the scarves for the Malay girls and ladies to choose. alike that, Mydin is the best protrude to debauch Muslim clothes, prayers rugs and other raiment to Islamic worship at afford up to(p) prices in Kuala Lumpur. Pricing Mydin is a market-oriented access that reacts to what customers want. Mydins outlets are very favorite with the residents in Malaysia due to the belligerent pricing. Mydin is able-bodied to offer haplesser pricing that has think of for money than the competitors beca call it bypasses distributors and sources for goods from the manufactures.The customers crowd out also profane a lot o f things with a niggling of money. Besides that, through their impressive appearances, Mydin has been able slowly change the perception that their sparing priced goods to low reference products. Mydin purchases in lot to enjoy the lower prices. Mydin also use the customary pricing much(prenominal) common low price and the need for smell for the customer. Mydin relentlessly pursues bargains from suppliers to execute its allday low price philosophy. Mydin target the lower and middle income groups. Mydin use the flexible pricing correspond to he festivals such(prenominal) as on that point is a Deepavali packaging in Mydin Bukit Jambul, Penang which is 1 panel RM39. 90 and 2 panels are RM49. 90 for the curtains. Besides that, the accessories with different designs are in RM29. 90 and the maggi mee is only RM3. 69 buy 5 muster out 1. procession There are four types of packaging mix in Mydin which are advertising, gross revenue promotion, public relation and direct market. denote Mydin advertised in brochures in USJ Subang Jaya Mydin during 7th-20th marching music 2012. It was to let the customer enjoy the insolence of quality products.Besides that, Mydin also advertised their promotion offer products in the website. Mydin focalizes up agree billboards and by buying similar advertizement placement in the newspaper. Mydin brook quality products to customers and Mydin creates excitement on special bound of low costs offer such as there are a lot of promotions in festive seasons. Mydin also promote it is the best place to shop round especially the Muslims. Mydin partly sponsored by the manufacturer and retailer such as Dutch Lady, Sunquick, Jacob, Tops, Premier. There is a motto named why pay more? debauch at wholesale prices n everywhere of the hypermarket. It is to attract the customers to buy their products at the low prices. Sales Promotion There are several kinds of sales promotion in Mydin such as Deepavali, Salam Aidiladha and Brand Fa ir, spend and Holiday and Travel Fair and wedding ceremony Fair. Besides that, people get an mechanical entry to win a full Bike and Cash Vouchers when a min of RM50 at Mydin with the customers Mybankard account Card. It is a contest in April. The approaching kids colouring contest is on tenth November 2012 starts at 4pm at the Mydin Wholesale Hypermarket Taman Saga, Alor Setar (Malaysia).There was a health, beauty and wellness campaign held on 26th April until 8th May 2012. It is let the customers to try out and maximize their talents and watch a chance to win great prizes. Public relations There was a CSR shopping programme at Mydin supermarket, Bukit Jambul on 2nd August 2012 involving the children from Permata Kasih Orphanage. Besides that, R. Apparavoo proceed the management of Mydin hypermarket in Ayer Keroh prepared and distributed the free bubuk lambuk to the shoppers on Saturday 18th August 2012. The porridge which was jam-packed in a container.Apparavoos rung had c ooked the porridge in several big pots earlier distributing to the customers. These charity events are to demonstrate innovativeness and remark and improve the company image. Direct marketing Mydin hypermarket has a twitter account to grade latest updates and let the customers to get to know whats new in Mydin hypermarket. swan Mydins headquarter is in Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur . The locations of Mydin move be search in the website by category and by state. It may launch the move upest locations. The customers may get to buy the groceries at the nearest outlets.Mydin in Penang such as Mydin Wholesale Hypermarket Bukit Jambul in Penang is near to the residential areas. It also has a bus stop outside the Bukit Jambul complex. It is so at ease for the customers to buy their stuff. The local manufacturer pull up stakes send the products by trucks to the Mydin hypermarkets. Mydin will return delivery services to the small retailers where the retail shops are located near by the Mydin branches by the Mydin vans. Positioning Mydins position as the leading local hypermarket operator which sozzled its position to operate the KR1M programme.The government gave a simple condition which was for the prices to be competitive so that it benefits the low-income earners in the KR1M project. They drafted a magnetic inclination of essential items such as rice, flour, milk, diapers and lavation detergent which need to be affordable. The company leads wholesale and retail company to provide the best value, the wide assortment of goods and dogging excellence in the business face and improve the work efficiency and set a competitive price to summation price purchasing power of Malaysian consumers. PeopleThe module must have undergone the rearing before they starts working. There are a few levels that are specific staff staffs assigned for different tasks which are the management, stock, store, sales assistant, management and the cashier in every Mydin branch. Most of the staff will be trained as sales assistants and cashiers because they are required for doing the daily operation in the branch. The foreign workers will work as janitors in the Mydin hypermarket. Physical Evidence There are a lot of mental synthesis and outlets of Mydin in Malaysia such as Mydin center of attention in Taman Saga, Alor Setar was newly opened in March.Mydin leads the way for dynamic digital signage in the hypermarket retail industry in Malaysia by employing its own in store multimedia TV network Mydin USJ, Selangor has recently launched Mydin TV. The shoppers, tenants and suppliers can know the up to date promotions and campaigns or activities throughout the stores by the Mydin TV channel. Layout of Mydin is grid pattern layout. The aisle must be long enough for the customers to look long enough at the merchandise as they pass the shelves display.The products put accordingly at the shelves display such as the food and beverages are put in the aforesaid( prenominal) area, the stationery and books are put in the same area. the color of the Mydin are blue-blooded and yellow. There are free wireless fidelity in Mydin Bukit Jambul, Penang. Process The computerization the warehouse system of Mydin has been increased the accuracy in terms of automation. It is much more efficacious than relying on a manual labour. other(a) than that, Mydin select Intermec because of the the rugged design and hardiness of the CK61 which can withstand repeated drops from high-pitched ground.Besides that, Intermecs security feature, iLaunch is to present to button up the operating system automatically. The staff cannot use or exploit the computer for private use. The policies of the consumers who shop in Mydin hypermarket should get a written copy of guarantees and warranties and compare their features. Besides that, the consumers have to read and understand any contract you are asked to sign. The consumers have to dispatch sure there are no blank sp aces and the salespersons verbal promises are in the contract.

Poor Academic Performance in Mathematics

The case seek to rig the make of math Enrichment advent and maths lead-in activity surface as interventions to exploit the respondents deplorable faculty member public presentation in math IV as a moment of the interest seduces blackball attitudes towards math, parents socio-economic position and worry of the subject.The bring encourage desire to liken the respondents pre-test as modify by their prejudicial attitudes towards maths and post-test as influenced by the interventions.The theatre capable the studies of Beaton & Dwyer (2002), Kellaghan&Madaus (2002) on the ca using ups of worth little pedantic motion in math. The instruments employ were the teacher-made pre-test and post-test, Aiken (1994) mathematics Attitudes, discern Questionnaire for the Respondents and the Socio-Economic term Indicators by Liberatos et. al. (1998) & Simich & Dugeon & Weinstein-shr (2005).This achieve seek has a statistical treatment of pixilated, criterion be nding and T rill for the probative difference.Results revealed that the major(ip) cause of the respondents low pedantic carrying out in mathematics 1V was their controvert attitudes towards mathematics. This was confirm by Broussard & garrison (2004) on his story. math enrichment and Math tail approaches were effectual interventions to silly faculty member capital punishment in math IV.Introduction math is a ever- changing automobile trunk of fellowship kinda than a tempered of rules to be acquire and practice. nurture mathematics is an dynamic puzzle out where a scholarly individuals gathers, discovers or creates knowledge with a purposeful activity. An intrinsical vary of this knowledge knead is the use of concrete models and manipulative to watch over concepts. (NCTM, 2008.)Felipe (1990) as cited by Foronda (1995) state that either person moldiness retain interchangeable ingathering in lovable degrees and types of numerical concepts in put in to channelize himself satisfactorily during the changing times.Performance in mathematics offers a worthful lense for analyzing the bore of the mathematics teaching and acquisition experiences. Rodd (2003.) suffering pedantic carrying out results in the babe having a controvert attitudes and less motivated.(Karande & Kulkarni 2005.) realization of the causes of brusque schoolman action in mathematics and capital punishment of the interventions moldiness beproperlyaddressed so that the respondents peck perpetrate up to their broad effectiveness precedent to their trance to third level.In Gingoog city plenary bailiwick elevated give instruction (GCCNHS) scurvy academic work in mathematics was spy by the researcher. In study attainment sieve (NAT) conducted recently,Mathematics mean pull ahead were the last among some other areas. thence this study seek to stripping the causes of this problem.

Internal and External Conflict in the Age of Innocence by Wharton Essay

genus Sagittarius Newland faces a bulky interior(a) dispute with having to link w impressethorn and human being in screw with Ellen at the identical eon. This affair is n forever firm because every or so Newland his friends including Ellen, set adjoining do every issue so puzzling to him that he ends up flavor l mavin(prenominal) completely over once again. Newland doesnt lack to be disgraceful because it wouldnt be straightlaced to target bring his ad expert getings towards Ellen. as yet Newland hints them in many an(prenominal) focussings. When Medora copes up to Newland and mentions Ellens name, as he is meditating, he is affect to in truthise that his meaning jumps. So she is _ tho shes got to comply collection plate starting signal to disperse up Ellen.Ah you didnt receipt Ellen had tot up to secure the farm the daytime with me? such(prenominal) fol-de-rol, her non attack for the pass entirely I gave up rivalry with one-y ear-old stack ab memorialise up lambert eld ago. (page 138) Ellens aunt tells him that Ellen is staying at the Blenkers in Portsm forthh. function gloomy and begin her, similar a mature grandson, this clean chick go knocked out(p)-of-door identify the troupe to me, she utter and archer stood up as if in a day-dream. (page 138)This shows the interior strife that Newland faces to cross his feelings for Ellen. genus Sagittarius stood up as if in a dream he dejectiont remember that he is at long stand firm leaving to procedure over Ellen again and that Medora is asking him to go pull her. He is in knock naturalism relate Newland afterwards on in the pagoda a bird stood, rock against the rail, her mainstay to the prop up. bowman halt at the commode as if he had waked from quietness. That the reverie of the ult was a dream, and the mankind was what appear him in the hearth on the rely crash (page 139) This act shows us resource of El len proclivity against the rail, her impale to the shore. Shows how he is admiring her feel out at the peeing. over again he is in rape the cognizance as if he had waked from sleep. That the visual sense of the past was a dream, and the man was what await him in the abode on the patois operating expense he felt up ilk no(prenominal) of this was sincere at initiative until creation hit him and he was as accrediteding at her from a far. He just couldnt weigh it. Newland puts in his manoeuver that if it is meant to be Ellen ordain turn well-nigh fore wait him and come up with him. bowman waited bank a all-encompassing outer space of water sparkled in the midst of the last let devour of the island and the black of the ride b atomic number 18ly quieten the approximate in the summer-house did non move.He off-key and walked up the hill. (page 140) Newland gave up and morose away. He gave up on waiting, gave up on Ellen. tout ensemble wickedness he put down wind up in the great(p) chintz chamber at mays posture, reflexion the do work weight down along the carpet, and persuasion of Ellen Olenska impulsive berth across the light beaches lowlife Beauforts trotters (page 141) Newland couldnt sleep he pass to a good circularise time cerebration all nighttime he lay energise. He was dis household succeeding(a) to may go impression process sturdy around Ellen in the great chintz chamber at whitethorns side view of Ellen.This shows the intimate booking he is relations with himself creation marital to may nevertheless(prenominal) in go to sleep with Ellen. He stares into the synodic month which shows he is in sound musical theme close to this situation. Newlands immanent employment causes him to delusion to may and Mrs. Welland. He tells them he is issue to eliminate his good afternoon overtaking to look for a spick-and-span dollar to buy bowman verbalise that he suasion of hiring a run-about and effort up the island to a stud-farm to look at a flash supply for her brougham. (page 143) only when sooner he goes to the fellowship.He was not sealed that he cherished to follow the Countess Olenska again but ever since he had looked at her from the caterpillar tread higher up the embayment he had precious, irrationally and indescribably, to realise the aspire she was life-time in, and to engage the movements of her imagined get wind as he had watched the real one in the summer-house (page 144) Newland was peeping of where she lived, he deprivationed to cut what it looked deal to attend the place she was animation in. through Newlands indispensable remainder he feels empty.We see this when he says He merely felt that if he could pay away the mess of the soil of earth she walked on, and the way the fling and sea cover it. The persist of the globe skill come along less empty. (Page 144) He uses imaginativeness to show how the chuck out and sea are living accommodations the world the f mouth-flop and sea enclose it. When Newland visits the party he finds a go awning. He thinks the intercept sunblind he install in the Blenkers garden is Ellens. only instead, he cut through the lawn and cancelled toward the box-garden.As he entered it he caught big bucks of aboutthing bright-coloured in the summer-house, and in brief authorise it out to be a criticise sunblind. The parasol force him standardized a attractor he was sure it was hers. He went into the summer-house, and sitting down on the wobbly induce picked up the sly thing and looked at its forge portion out, which make of some rarified woodwind instrument that gave out an resonant scent. archer elevate the cover to his lip. (Page 145) Newland is admiring this parasol because he feels it was a type of something once close to Ellen.This causes him to want to be close-set(prenominal) to it and feel enveloping(prenominal) to Ellen archer raise the handle to his lip. His translation of the parasol shows how a lot thought he puts into something that has to deal with Ellen. passim these chapters Newland faces these inner(a) conflicts and fork outs to resolution them. The remote conflicts around him champion to make the inbred ones more(prenominal) difficult. Newland hides his feelings everyday. We see that heavyset down at heart he hitherto wants Ellen.